Rendering of the source text

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
This CellML file was generated on 02/10/2007 at 17:26:58 using:

COR (0.9.31.793)
Copyright 2002-2007 Dr Alan Garny
http://COR.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - COR@physiol.ox.ac.uk

CellML 1.0 was used to generate this cellular model
http://www.CellML.org/
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" cmeta:id="noble_noble_2001" name="noble_noble_2001">

<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
  <articleinfo>
  <title>Noble Ventricular Cell Model 1998</title>
  <author>
    <firstname>Penny</firstname>
          <surname>Noble</surname>
    <affiliation>
      <shortaffil>Oxford University</shortaffil>
    </affiliation>
  </author>
</articleinfo>
  <section id="sec_status">
    <title>Model Status</title>
    <para>
      This version of the model has been curated and unit checked and is known to run in PCEnv, COR and Jsim. A PCEnv session file is also available for this model.
    </para>
  </section>
  <sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>

<para>
The Noble98 (Noble et al. 1998) model of the guinea-pig ventricular cell was a development of the Noble91 (Noble et al. 1991) model and included representation of the components of IK, (IKr and IKs), the persistent sodium current and a dyadic space between the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In several important respects this model was a major improvement on the earlier model. However on rigorous testing for new applications problems associated with the calcium dynamics equations were found in the new model. 
The model demonstrated here is an attempt at 'correcting' the inability of Noble98 to reproduce a mechanism of initiation of Early After-Depolarizations (EADs), the voltage-dependence of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and also to improve the shape of the calcium transient.
</para>

<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
					<mediaobject>
						<imageobject>
							<objectinfo>
								<title>model diagram</title>
							</objectinfo>
							<imagedata fileref="noble_2001.png"/>
						</imageobject>
					</mediaobject>
					<caption>Schematic diagram of the cell model.</caption>
				</informalfigure>

</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>

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                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">30</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xr2</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_xr2</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>xr2</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_xr2</ci>
                  <ci>xr2</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_i_Ks" name="i_Ks" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0016" name="g_Ks" units="microS"/>
      <variable name="E_Ks" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="xs" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ks</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Ks</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ks</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate">
      <variable initial_value="6.72192033116639e-7" name="xs" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="alpha_xs" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_xs" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_xs</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">14</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_xs</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">45</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>xs</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_xs</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>xs</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_xs</ci>
                  <ci>xs</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="fast_sodium_current_i_Na" name="i_Na" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.5" name="g_Na" units="microS"/>
      <variable name="E_mh" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="m" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="h" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_Na</ci>
               <apply>
                  <power/>
                  <ci>m</ci>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
               </apply>
               <ci>h</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_mh</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
      <variable initial_value="0.00157541794600382" name="m" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="alpha_m" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_m" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable initial_value="1e-5" name="delta_m" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="E0_m" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">41</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_m</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">200</cn>
                        <ci>E0_m</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>E0_m</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_m</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">8000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.056</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">66</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>m</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_m</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>m</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_m</ci>
                  <ci>m</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="fast_sodium_current_h_gate">
      <variable initial_value="0.99465397024286" name="h" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="alpha_h" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_h" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="0" name="shift_h" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">20</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>shift_h</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_h</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">2000</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">320</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">75</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>shift_h</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>h</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_h</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>h</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_h</ci>
                  <ci>h</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="persistent_sodium_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="persistent_sodium_current_i_p_Na" name="i_p_Na" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0027" name="g_pna" units="microS"/>
      <variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>g_pna</ci>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus/>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">52</cn>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_background_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="sodium_background_current_i_b_Na" name="i_b_Na" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0006" name="g_bna" units="microS"/>
      <variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bna</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Na</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_K_ds" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable cmeta:id="L_type_Ca_channel_i_Ca_L" name="i_Ca_L" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="1" name="P_Ca_L" units="nanoA_per_millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.002" name="P_CaK" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.01" name="P_CaNa" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="Ca_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_i" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_ds" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="K_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="K_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
      <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
      <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
      <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="d" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChoncyt" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChonds" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.01" name="KCaChoff" private_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.001" name="Kmdsinact" private_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.7" name="FrICa" units="dimensionless"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChoncyt</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChoncyt</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChoncyt</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChonds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">100</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaK</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChonds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>K_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>FrICa</ci>
                        <ci>P_CaNa</ci>
                        <ci>P_Ca_L</ci>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                        <ci>CaChonds</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>F</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>R</ci>
                        <ci>T</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_i</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>Na_o</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <exp/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <ci>F</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>R</ci>
                              <ci>T</ci>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
               <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
      <variable initial_value="2.27643784381792e-8" name="d" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="alpha_d" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_d" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="E0_d" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable initial_value="3" name="speed_d" units="dimensionless"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_d</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">24</cn>
               </apply>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">30</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_d</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">120</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">0.0001</cn>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">12</cn>
                        <ci>E0_d</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_d</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>d</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>speed_d</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>alpha_d</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>d</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>beta_d</ci>
                     <ci>d</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
      <variable initial_value="4.03082807230434e-9" name="f" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChoncyt" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChonds" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChoffcyt" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaChoffds" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="alpha_f" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_f" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_ds" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="KCaChoff" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Kmdsinact" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.3" name="speed_f" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0001" name="delta_f" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="E0_f" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>E0_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>V</ci>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_f</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">25</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <apply>
                        <abs/>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>delta_f</ci>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_second">6.25</cn>
                        <ci>E0_f</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <ci>E0_f</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_f</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">12</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>V</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">34</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaChoffcyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>KCaChoff</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>f</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">120</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>f</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>CaChoffcyt</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>f</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                           <ci>CaChoffcyt</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>speed_f</ci>
                  <ci>beta_f</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_f</ci>
                  <ci>f</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaChoncyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>f</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>CaChoffcyt</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaChoffds</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Kmdsinact</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaChonds</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>f</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>CaChoffds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_background_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="calcium_background_current_i_b_Ca" name="i_b_Ca" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.00025" name="g_bca" units="microS"/>
      <variable name="E_Ca" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_bca</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_Ca</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current">
      <variable cmeta:id="transient_outward_current_i_to" name="i_to" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.005" name="g_to" units="microS"/>
      <variable initial_value="0" name="g_tos" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="s" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="r" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_to</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>g_to</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>g_tos</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <ci>g_tos</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>r</ci>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>E_K</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_s_gate">
      <variable initial_value="0.999870016703514" name="s" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="alpha_s" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="beta_s" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>alpha_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">0.033</cn>
               <apply>
                  <exp/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <ci>V</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>beta_s</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">33</cn>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <exp/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <minus/>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.125</cn>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <ci>V</ci>
                           <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>s</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_s</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>s</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_s</ci>
                  <ci>s</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="transient_outward_current_r_gate">
      <variable initial_value="1.8398417043009e-8" name="r" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>r</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">333</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>V</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">4</cn>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>r</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
      <variable cmeta:id="sodium_potassium_pump_i_NaK" name="i_NaK" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.7" name="i_NaK_max" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="1" name="K_mK" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="40" name="K_mNa" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="K_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaK</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>i_NaK_max</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <ci>K_mK</ci>
                        <ci>K_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>K_mNa</ci>
                  <ci>Na_i</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sodium_calcium_exchanger">
      <variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa_cyt" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa_ds" public_interface="out" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0005" name="k_NaCa" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable initial_value="3" name="n_NaCa" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0" name="d_NaCa" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.2" name="gamma" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.001" name="FRiNaCa" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_ds" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin"/>
      <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
      <variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>FRiNaCa</ci>
                  <ci>k_NaCa</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>gamma</ci>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_i</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <apply>
                           <exp/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>gamma</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus/>
                                    <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <ci>V</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <ci>R</ci>
                                 <ci>T</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <power/>
                           <ci>Na_o</ci>
                           <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar4">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>d_NaCa</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_o</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>Ca_o</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <power/>
                                 <ci>Na_i</ci>
                                 <ci>n_NaCa</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar">0.0069</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_NaCa</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
               <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump">
      <variable cmeta:id="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump_i_up" name="i_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="K_1" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="K_2" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0003" name="K_cyca" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.4" name="K_xcs" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.5" name="K_srca" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.4" name="alpha_up" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.03" name="beta_up" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_1</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_srca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>K_2</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>K_1</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>K_cyca</ci>
                  <ci>K_xcs</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>K_cyca</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_up</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>alpha_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <apply>
                        <times/>
                        <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                        <ci>K_1</ci>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_2</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>beta_up</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_translocation">
      <variable cmeta:id="calcium_translocation_i_trans" name="i_trans" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="Ca_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_trans</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">50</cn>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <ci>Ca_up</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="calcium_release">
      <variable cmeta:id="calcium_release_i_rel" name="i_rel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="VoltDep" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="RegBindSite" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CaiReg" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="CadsReg" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="ActRate" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="InactRate" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.05" name="K_leak_rate" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="250" name="K_m_rel" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0005" name="K_m_Ca_cyt" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.01" name="K_m_Ca_ds" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="PrecFrac" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.000183030061767109" name="ActFrac" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.0109931117325847" name="ProdFrac" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="SpeedRel" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
      <variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_ds" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="Ca_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>VoltDep</ci>
            <apply>
               <exp/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.08</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CaiReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_cyt</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>CadsReg</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>K_m_Ca_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <ci>CaiReg</ci>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>CaiReg</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>CadsReg</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>ActRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">0</cn>
                  <ci>VoltDep</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">90</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>InactRate</ci>
            <apply>
               <plus/>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">60</cn>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">500</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <ci>RegBindSite</ci>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
            <piecewise>
               <piece>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">5</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <lt/>
                     <ci>V</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">50</cn>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </piece>
               <otherwise>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
               </otherwise>
            </piecewise>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ActFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>PrecFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>ActRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <ci>InactRate</ci>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>SpeedRel</ci>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_second">1</cn>
                  <ci>ProdFrac</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>i_rel</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <power/>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <plus/>
                              <ci>ActFrac</ci>
                              <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.25</cn>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>K_m_rel</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>K_leak_rate</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="140" name="Na_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_sodium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="5.68929064089788" name="Na_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="V_i" public_interface="in" units="micrometre3"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
      <variable name="i_Na" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_b_Na" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_p_Na" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Na_cyt" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Na_ds" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa_cyt" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Na_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <plus/>
                  <ci>i_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_p_Na</ci>
                  <ci>i_b_Na</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_cyt</ci>
                  <ci>i_Ca_L_Na_ds</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="2" name="Ca_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
   </component>
   <component name="extracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="4" name="K_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_potassium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="138.49601832864" name="K_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable name="V_i" public_interface="in" units="micrometre3"/>
      <variable name="i_K1" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Kr" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ks" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_K_cyt" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_K_ds" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_to" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>K_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <plus/>
                     <ci>i_K1</ci>
                     <ci>i_Kr</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ks</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_cyt</ci>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_K_ds</ci>
                     <ci>i_to</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <ci>i_NaK</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <component name="intracellular_calcium_concentration">
      <variable initial_value="5.60867201979414e-6" name="Ca_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="2.15623822848619e-7" name="Ca_ds" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.187470810108547" name="Ca_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.185609773872992" name="Ca_rel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.000221858224298955" name="Ca_Calmod" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.00013982468565579" name="Ca_Trop" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable cmeta:id="intracellular_calcium_concentration_Calmod" initial_value="0.02" name="Calmod" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable cmeta:id="intracellular_calcium_concentration_Trop" initial_value="0.05" name="Trop" units="millimolar"/>
      <variable initial_value="100000" name="alpha_Calmod" units="per_millimolar_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="50" name="beta_Calmod" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="100000" name="alpha_Trop" units="per_millimolar_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="200" name="beta_Trop" units="per_second"/>
      <variable initial_value="12" name="radius" units="micrometre"/>
      <variable initial_value="74" name="length" units="micrometre"/>
      <variable name="V_i" public_interface="out" units="micrometre3"/>
      <variable name="V_Cell" units="micrometre3"/>
      <variable name="V_i_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.1" name="V_ds_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.1" name="V_rel_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.4" name="V_e_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="0.01" name="V_up_ratio" units="dimensionless"/>
      <variable initial_value="10" name="Kdecay" units="per_second"/>
      <variable name="i_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="i_trans" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="i_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_second"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa_cyt" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_NaCa_ds" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_Ca_L_Ca_ds" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="i_b_Ca" public_interface="in" units="nanoA"/>
      <variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_mole"/>
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_Cell</ci>
            <apply>
               <divide/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3.141592654</cn>
                  <apply>
                     <power/>
                     <apply>
                        <divide/>
                        <ci>radius</ci>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>length</ci>
               </apply>
               <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1000</cn>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_e_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <ci>V_i</ci>
            <apply>
               <times/>
               <ci>V_Cell</ci>
               <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_i</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <minus/>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <apply>
                        <plus/>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <apply>
                              <divide/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                                 <ci>V_i</ci>
                                 <ci>F</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <minus/>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus/>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus/>
                                    <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_cyt</ci>
                                    <ci>i_b_Ca</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <times/>
                                    <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                    <ci>i_NaCa_cyt</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <times/>
                                 <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                                 <ci>i_NaCa_ds</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times/>
                           <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                           <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                           <ci>Kdecay</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <divide/>
                           <apply>
                              <times/>
                              <ci>i_rel</ci>
                              <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                           </apply>
                           <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                     <apply>
                        <diff/>
                        <bvar>
                           <ci>time</ci>
                        </bvar>
                        <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <diff/>
                     <bvar>
                        <ci>time</ci>
                     </bvar>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_up</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <divide/>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <apply>
                        <minus/>
                        <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mA_nA">1</cn>
                     </apply>
                     <ci>i_Ca_L_Ca_ds</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <apply>
                     <times/>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
                     <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="litre_micrometre3">1</cn>
                     <ci>V_ds_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_i</ci>
                     <ci>F</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>Ca_ds</ci>
                  <ci>Kdecay</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_up</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_i_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_up</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_trans</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_rel</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <apply>
                     <divide/>
                     <ci>V_up_ratio</ci>
                     <ci>V_rel_ratio</ci>
                  </apply>
                  <ci>i_trans</ci>
               </apply>
               <ci>i_rel</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Calmod</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Calmod</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Calmod</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
         <apply>
            <eq/>
            <apply>
               <diff/>
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <minus/>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>alpha_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_i</ci>
                  <apply>
                     <minus/>
                     <ci>Trop</ci>
                     <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
                  </apply>
               </apply>
               <apply>
                  <times/>
                  <ci>beta_Trop</ci>
                  <ci>Ca_Trop</ci>
               </apply>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
      <component_ref component="membrane">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr1_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr2_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
            <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="persistent_sodium_current"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
            <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
         </component_ref>
         <component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="sodium_calcium_exchanger"/>
         <component_ref component="sarcoplasmic_reticulum_calcium_pump"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_translocation"/>
         <component_ref component="calcium_release"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_sodium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_potassium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="extracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="intracellular_calcium_concentration"/>
         <component_ref component="reversal_potentials"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <group>
      <relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
      <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_s_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr1_gate"/>
         <component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xr2_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
      <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
         <component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_xs_gate"/>
      </component_ref>
   </group>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="reversal_potentials" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
   </connection>
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="environment"/>
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
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   <connection>
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    <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-09-06T10:33:50+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6acd60b6-13a2-48be-b0e4-400fc9f66731">
    <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#efc1b103-a476-48a3-9297-f64897cec6e9"/>
    <rdf:value>This version of the model has been curated and unit checked and is known to run in PCEnv, COR and Jsim. A PCEnv session file is also available for this model.</rdf:value>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f344d2c4-cd63-4827-9532-65e8568e90b0">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fe5a656e-2eb6-45ac-ae0a-243fb2ba9e5e">
    <vCard:ORG xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#6308a8ff-044a-4ccb-97e1-bec0b0487b7b"/>
    <vCard:EMAIL xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#76b620ed-c827-4594-b1d0-c567267b0e50"/>
    <vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#e383ffe6-cb7f-41ed-9763-2a53f0c171c5"/>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$VOyx12">
    <ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">100000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
    <ns7:maximumStepSize xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">0.001</ns7:maximumStepSize>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#baae06ff-7a2e-492c-83e0-97c33444f1c9">
    <bqs:JournalArticle xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#ad36d3f7-e884-4125-99fc-36cd188399d1"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#abb451a0-aa82-4405-9e72-f8b0c01d92b5">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#da292423-b0bd-45d4-b3cd-e353cf43d806">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-05-17T00:00:00+00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#308faf4e-60ac-47bc-9e31-fcb57dfe50a5">
    <dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#89c922db-fae5-41e0-aaf0-87dbfe639ba1"/>
    <rdf:value>INaCads was not included in the dCads/dt ODE and hence the system was out
of balance. This issue has been fixed in version 05</rdf:value>
    <cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#64d5a12b-304f-487a-b048-ffc31c0482f4"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c067f7bf-13da-4fee-897c-76b499face0f">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#e1bc35af-e3aa-47a9-b10c-e9b8f51ad0fd"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8996b364-9f31-4ff6-ac94-2ff65799b92b">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2001-01-01</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ce0f379b-9ef1-46bb-b80d-11ce4710161d">
    <dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#fa8cc3a7-9cad-4cac-9914-69ee14ac6e27"/>
    <rdf:value>Units checked, curated.</rdf:value>
    <cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#45171d91-e70f-4aa9-a29e-ec87aacdcea3"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#089609f2-eee9-4e27-8b6f-73963d094ac8">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d9dbe043-322d-4a5b-8141-3bb322ab15c2">
    <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#e96b3e9a-a8b4-4ca5-94e8-d2a2a7cb951a"/>
    <rdf:value>The Noble98 (Noble et al. 1998) model of the guinea-pig ventricular cell was a development of the Noble91 (Noble et al. 1991) model and included representation of the components of IK, (IKr and IKs), the persistent sodium current and a dyadic space between the sarcolemma and the sarcoplasmic reticulum. In several important respects this model was a major improvement on the earlier model. However on rigorous testing for new applications problems associated with the calcium dynamics equations were found in the new model. 
The model demonstrated here is an attempt at 'correcting' the inability of Noble98 to reproduce a mechanism of initiation of Early After-Depolarizations (EADs), the voltage-dependence of calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and also to improve the shape of the calcium transient.
</rdf:value>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#aa1e031c-f91a-4f2b-bdb0-9935efb2fb88">
    <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
    <vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#089609f2-eee9-4e27-8b6f-73963d094ac8"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e96b3e9a-a8b4-4ca5-94e8-d2a2a7cb951a">
    <vCard:FN xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James Lawson</vCard:FN>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e383ffe6-cb7f-41ed-9763-2a53f0c171c5">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">J</vCard:Other>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#5d7eec37-9b3f-4639-92ba-04ca1157d258">
    <dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#60453a7d-4dc0-43e5-8386-ec2ee9bf0c7c"/>
    <rdf:value>Note that the missing i_NCX_ds component was added to the dCai/dt rather than the dCads/dt equation in order to achieve balance in the model.</rdf:value>
    <cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#463d4ed0-1fc1-4070-82d6-16f894fc341f"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#fa8cc3a7-9cad-4cac-9914-69ee14ac6e27">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-12-04T15:19:56+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e1bc35af-e3aa-47a9-b10c-e9b8f51ad0fd">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Dennis</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ad36d3f7-e884-4125-99fc-36cd188399d1">
    <dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Remodelling of Calcium Dynamics in Guinea-Pig Ventricular Cells</dc:title>
    <dcterms:issued xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#8996b364-9f31-4ff6-ac94-2ff65799b92b"/>
    <bqs:Journal xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#2db40e56-79b9-4436-8f11-428fbeefd30d"/>
    <dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#32f313ee-3a26-4cd5-b916-7f25624cc712"/>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#efc1b103-a476-48a3-9297-f64897cec6e9">
    <vCard:FN xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James Lawson</vCard:FN>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#60453a7d-4dc0-43e5-8386-ec2ee9bf0c7c">
    <dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2008-05-14T03:19:46+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#463d4ed0-1fc1-4070-82d6-16f894fc341f">
    <vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#abb451a0-aa82-4405-9e72-f8b0c01d92b5"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#86f82cf5-520a-4107-8e1f-3e3e1c162e0b">
    <vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
    <vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
    <vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">J</vCard:Other>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$UOyx12">
    <rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
    <rdf:first rdf:resource="rdf:#$VOyx12"/>
  </rdf:Description>
  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$TOyx12">
    <ns7:boundIntervals xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#$UOyx12"/>
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  <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#6308a8ff-044a-4ccb-97e1-bec0b0487b7b">
    <vCard:Orgname xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Oxford University</vCard:Orgname>
    <vCard:Orgunit xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Department of Physiology, Anatomy &amp; Genetics</vCard:Orgunit>
  </rdf:Description>
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</model>