Karagiannis, Popel, 2006
Model Status
This version of the model has been checked in COR and PCEnv and it runs - possibly replicating the published results. The units have been checked and they are consistent.
Model Structure
The formation of new biological vessels requires the coordinated assembly of a proliferating syncytium of endothelial cells (EC) at different developmental stages. Angiogenesis may also be an essential mechanism of blood vessel remodelling which occurs during a diverse range of physiological processes; including tissue regeneration following injury and new vessel formation during muscle exercise. It can also occur under pathological conditions such as atherosclerosis and the vascularisation of cancerous tumours.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of enzymes responsible for the proteolytic processing of extracellular matrix (ECM) structural proteins. During angiogenesis MMPs are expressed by a single endothelial cell at the tip of the new vessel. These enzymes manifest a proteolytic activity that allows the cells of the new vessle to penetrate the ECM. In the mathematical model presented here, Karagiannis and Popel investigate the proteolytic potential of such a tip endothelial cell. The model authors suggest this model provides a foundation for future quantitative studies of angiogenesis in ECMs of different compositions. The model is described in more detail in the figure below:
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
Distinct modes of collagen type I proteolysis by matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and membrane type I MMP during the migration of a tip endothelial cell: insights from a computational model, Emmanouil D. Karagiannis and Aleksander S. Popel, 2006, The Journal of Theoretical Biology , 238, 124-145. (Full text and PDF versions of the article are available to subscribers on The Journal of Theoretical Biology website.) PubMed ID: 16005020
A schematic diagram of the signalling pathway. |