- Author:
- Dewan Sarwar <dsar941@UoA.auckland.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2020-02-08 00:13:31+13:00
- Desc:
- updated a minor typo in the protocol4B sedml
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/267/rawfile/0d001436fb31391c678cc5d3d51e2f92a40e8f5b/eskandari_2005.cellml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:semsim="http://www.bhi.washington.edu/SemSim#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" name="eskandari_2005" cmeta:id="eskandari_2005">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Kinetics of the Reverse Mode of the Na+/Glucose Cotransporter</title>
<author>
<firstname>Jonna</firstname>
<surname>Terkildsen</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<sect1 id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>This CellML model is in the process of being curated, the units are consistent and the model runs in COR and PCEnv. This model does not yet recreate all the published results.</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>Abstract: This study investigates the reverse mode of the Na/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1). In giant excised inside-out membrane patches from Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing rabbit SGLT1, application of a-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (aMDG) to the cytoplasmic solution induced an outward current from cytosolic to external membrane surface. The outward current was Na- and sugar-dependent, and was blocked by phlorizin, a specific inhibitor of SGLT1. The current-voltage relationship saturated at positive membrane voltages (30-50 mV), and approached zero at -150 mV. The half-maximal concentration for aMDG-evoked outward current (K_0.5_aMDG) was 35 mM (at 0 mV). In comparison, K_0.5_aMDG for forward sugar transport was 0.15 mM (at 0 mV). K_0.5_Na was similar for forward and reverse transport (~ 35mM at 0 mV). Specificity of SGLT1 for reverse transport was: aMDG (1.0) > D-galactose (0.84) > 3-O-methyl-glucose (0.55) > D-glucose (0.38), whereas for forward transport, specificity was: aMDG ~ D-glucose ~ D-galactose > 3-O-methylglucose. Thus there is an asymmetry in sugar kinetics and specificity between forward and reverse modes. Computer simulations showed that a 6-state kinetic model for SGLT1 can account for Na/sugar cotransport and its voltage dependence in both the forward and reverse modes at saturating sodium concentrations. Our data indicate that under physiological conditions, the transporter is poised to accumulate sugar efficiently in the enterocyte.</para>
<para>The original paper reference is cited below:</para>
<para>
Kinetics of the Reverse Mode of the Na+/Glucose Cotransporter, S.Eskandari, E.M. Wright and D.D.F. Loo, 2005,
<emphasis>Journal of Membrane Biology</emphasis>
, 204, 23-32.
<ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16007500&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 16007500</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="eskandari_2005.png" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>Schematic diagram of the Eskandari et al 2005 SGLT1 model. C' represents the external-facing carrier. C'' represents the internal-facing carrier.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<units name="M3">
<unit exponent="3.0" units="M" />
</units>
<units name="mol_per_um2">
<unit units="mole" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="um2" />
</units>
<units name="per_second5">
<unit exponent="-5.0" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="umol">
<unit prefix="micro" units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="mV">
<unit prefix="milli" units="volt" />
</units>
<units name="M2">
<unit exponent="2.0" units="M" />
</units>
<units name="per_second">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="per_M2_per_second">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
<unit exponent="-2.0" units="M" />
</units>
<units name="per_mol">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="per_M3_per_second5">
<unit exponent="-3.0" units="M" />
<unit exponent="-5.0" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="C_per_mol">
<unit units="coulomb" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="uA_per_um2">
<unit units="uA" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="um2" />
</units>
<units name="mM">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="litre" />
<unit prefix="milli" units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="M3_per_second">
<unit exponent="3.0" units="M" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="um2">
<unit exponent="2.0" prefix="micro" units="metre" />
</units>
<units name="umol_per_mol">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="mole" />
<unit units="umol" />
</units>
<units name="pA_per_cm2">
<unit exponent="-2.0" prefix="centi" units="metre" />
<unit prefix="pico" units="ampere" />
</units>
<units name="M">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="litre" />
<unit units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="volt_per_second">
<unit units="volt" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="M_per_second">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
<unit units="M" />
</units>
<units name="per_M_per_second">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="second" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="M" />
</units>
<units name="uA_per_A">
<unit units="uA" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="ampere" />
</units>
<units name="uA">
<unit prefix="micro" units="ampere" />
</units>
<units name="J_per_K_per_mol">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="kelvin" />
<unit units="joule" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="mole" />
</units>
<component name="environment">
<variable cmeta:id="environment.time" name="time" public_interface="out" units="second" />
</component>
<component name="parameters">
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_12" initial_value="80000" name="k0_12" public_interface="out" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_21" initial_value="500" name="k0_21" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_23" initial_value="1e5" name="k0_23" public_interface="out" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_32" initial_value="20" name="k0_32" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_34" initial_value="50" name="k0_34" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_43" initial_value="50" name="k0_43" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_45" initial_value="800" name="k0_45" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_54" initial_value="1.219e4" name="k0_54" public_interface="out" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_25" initial_value="0.3" name="k0_25" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_52" initial_value="9.1e-4" name="k0_52" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_56" initial_value="10" name="k0_56" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_65_f" initial_value="50" name="k0_65_f" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_61_f" initial_value="5" name="k0_61_f" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_16_f" initial_value="35" name="k0_16_f" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_65_r" initial_value="4500" name="k0_65_r" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_61_r" initial_value="3" name="k0_61_r" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_16_r" initial_value="350" name="k0_16_r" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_65" name="k0_65" public_interface="out" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_61" name="k0_61" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.k0_16" name="k0_16" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.delta" initial_value="0.7" name="delta" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.alpha_p" name="alpha_p" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.alpha_pp" initial_value="0" name="alpha_pp" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.N_C" initial_value="3e6" name="N_C" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.N_Avo" initial_value="6.022e23" name="N_Avo" units="per_mol" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.area" initial_value="1e6" name="area" units="um2" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.C_T" name="C_T" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.n" initial_value="2" name="n" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.z_c" initial_value="-2" name="z_c" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.z_Na" initial_value="1" name="z_Na" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.F" initial_value="96485.34" name="F" public_interface="out" units="C_per_mol" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.R" initial_value="8.314" name="R" public_interface="out" units="J_per_K_per_mol" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.T" initial_value="310" name="T" public_interface="out" units="kelvin" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="volt" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.mu" name="mu" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="parameters.Na_o" name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k0_65</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>k0_65_r</ci>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="M">
100
<sep />
-3
</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>k0_65_f</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k0_61</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>k0_61_r</ci>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="M">
100
<sep />
-3
</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>k0_61_f</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k0_16</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>k0_16_r</ci>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="M">
100
<sep />
-3
</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>k0_16_f</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>alpha_p</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<minus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>delta</ci>
</apply>
<ci>alpha_pp</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="umol_per_mol">
1
<sep />
6
</cn>
<ci>N_C</ci>
</apply>
<ci>N_Avo</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>mu</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ion_concentrations">
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.V" initial_value="-150e-3" name="V" public_interface="out" units="volt" />
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.Na_i" initial_value="500e-3" name="Na_i" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.Na_o" initial_value="10e-3" name="Na_o" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.glucose_i" initial_value="100e-3" name="glucose_i" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.glucose_o" initial_value="0e-3" name="glucose_o" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="ion_concentrations.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="volt_per_second">
200
<sep />
-3
</cn>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rate_constants">
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.Na_i" name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.Na_o" name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.glucose_i" name="glucose_i" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.glucose_o" name="glucose_o" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_12" name="k_12" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_21" name="k_21" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_23" name="k_23" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_32" name="k_32" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_34" name="k_34" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_43" name="k_43" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_45" name="k_45" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_54" name="k_54" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_25" name="k_25" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_52" name="k_52" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_56" name="k_56" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_65" name="k_65" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_61" name="k_61" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_16" name="k_16" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_12" name="k0_12" public_interface="in" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.ks_12" name="ks_12" public_interface="out" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_21" name="k0_21" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_23" name="k0_23" public_interface="in" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_32" name="k0_32" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_34" name="k0_34" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_43" name="k0_43" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_45" name="k0_45" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_54_temp" name="k0_54_temp" public_interface="out" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_54" name="k0_54" public_interface="in" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_25" name="k0_25" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k_52_temp" name="k_52_temp" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_52" name="k0_52" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_56" name="k0_56" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_65" name="k0_65" public_interface="in" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_61" name="k0_61" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.k0_16" name="k0_16" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.delta" name="delta" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.n" name="n" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.z_c" name="z_c" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.z_Na" name="z_Na" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.alpha_p" name="alpha_p" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.alpha_pp" name="alpha_pp" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.C_T" name="C_T" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="rate_constants.mu" name="mu" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_12</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>alpha_p</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_21</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>n</ci>
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>alpha_p</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_23</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>glucose_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k0_32</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_34</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_34</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_43</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_43</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k0_45</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_54</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_54_temp</ci>
<ci>glucose_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_25</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_52_temp</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_52</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_56</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_56</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>alpha_pp</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_65</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_65</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_i</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>n</ci>
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>alpha_pp</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_61</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_61</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_16</ci>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
</apply>
<ci>delta</ci>
<ci>mu</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k_52</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k0_56</ci>
<ci>k0_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_21</ci>
<ci>k0_16</ci>
<ci>k0_65</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>k0_54_temp</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="kinetic_equations">
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_12" name="k_12" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_21" name="k_21" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_23" name="k_23" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_32" name="k_32" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_34" name="k_34" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_43" name="k_43" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_45" name="k_45" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_54" name="k_54" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_25" name="k_25" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_52" name="k_52" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_56" name="k_56" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_65" name="k_65" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_61" name="k_61" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.k_16" name="k_16" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_1" initial_value="0" name="C_1" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_2" initial_value="0" name="C_2" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_3" initial_value="0" name="C_3" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_4" initial_value="0" name="C_4" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_5" initial_value="0" name="C_5" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_6" name="C_6" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_6_temp" initial_value="0" name="C_6_temp" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.C_T" name="C_T" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="kinetic_equations.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_61</ci>
<ci>C_6</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>C_3</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_3</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>C_4</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_3</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_4</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>C_3</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_4</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>C_4</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_65</ci>
<ci>C_6</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>C_6_temp</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>k_61</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_6_temp</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C_6</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>C_1</ci>
<ci>C_2</ci>
<ci>C_3</ci>
<ci>C_4</ci>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="king_altman_states">
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_12" name="k_12" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_21" name="k_21" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_23" name="k_23" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_32" name="k_32" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_34" name="k_34" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_43" name="k_43" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_45" name="k_45" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_54" name="k_54" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_25" name="k_25" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_52" name="k_52" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_56" name="k_56" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_65" name="k_65" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_61" name="k_61" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.k_16" name="k_16" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C1_sum" name="C1_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C2_sum" name="C2_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C3_sum" name="C3_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C4_sum" name="C4_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C5_sum" name="C5_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C6_sum" name="C6_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C_sum" name="C_sum" units="per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C_T" name="C_T" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C1" name="C1" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C2" name="C2" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C3" name="C3" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C4" name="C4" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C5" name="C5" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="king_altman_states.C6" name="C6" public_interface="out" units="umol" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C1_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C2_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C3_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C4_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C5_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C6_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C_sum</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>C1_sum</ci>
<ci>C2_sum</ci>
<ci>C3_sum</ci>
<ci>C4_sum</ci>
<ci>C5_sum</ci>
<ci>C6_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C1</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C1_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C2</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C2_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C3</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C3_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C4</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C4_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C5</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C5_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>C6</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>C6_sum</ci>
</apply>
<ci>C_sum</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="NBC_current">
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_12" name="k_12" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_21" name="k_21" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_56" name="k_56" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_65" name="k_65" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_34" name="k_34" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_43" name="k_43" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_25" name="k_25" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_52" name="k_52" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_61" name="k_61" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.k_16" name="k_16" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_1" name="C_1" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_2" name="C_2" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_3" name="C_3" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_4" name="C_4" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_5" name="C_5" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C_6" name="C_6" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C1" name="C1" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C2" name="C2" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C3" name="C3" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C4" name="C4" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C5" name="C5" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.C6" name="C6" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.delta" name="delta" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.alpha_p" name="alpha_p" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.alpha_pp" name="alpha_pp" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.n" name="n" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.z_c" name="z_c" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.z_Na" name="z_Na" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.F" name="F" public_interface="in" units="C_per_mol" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.I_NaGl_pSS" name="I_NaGl_pSS" public_interface="out" units="uA" />
<variable cmeta:id="NBC_current.I_NaGl_SS" name="I_NaGl_SS" public_interface="out" units="uA" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>I_NaGl_pSS</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>n</ci>
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>alpha_p</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_12</ci>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>C_2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<ci>delta</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>C_1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_61</ci>
<ci>C_6</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>n</ci>
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>alpha_pp</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>C_5</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_65</ci>
<ci>C_6</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>I_NaGl_SS</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>C1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_61</ci>
<ci>C6</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>C2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>C5</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>z_c</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>z_Na</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>C3</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>C4</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="phenomonological_constants">
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.epsilon" name="epsilon" public_interface="out" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.lambda" name="lambda" public_interface="out" units="per_M3_per_second5" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.chi" name="chi" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.alpha" name="alpha" public_interface="out" units="M3" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.beta" name="beta" public_interface="out" units="M2" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.gamma" name="gamma" public_interface="out" units="M3_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.phi" name="phi" public_interface="out" units="M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_12" name="k_12" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_21" name="k_21" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_23" name="k_23" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_32" name="k_32" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_34" name="k_34" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_43" name="k_43" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_45" name="k_45" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_54" name="k_54" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_25" name="k_25" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_52" name="k_52" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_56" name="k_56" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_65" name="k_65" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_61" name="k_61" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k_16" name="k_16" public_interface="in" units="per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.ks_12" name="ks_12" public_interface="in" units="per_M2_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.k0_23" name="k0_23" public_interface="in" units="per_M_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.C_T" name="C_T" public_interface="in" units="umol" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.F" name="F" public_interface="in" units="C_per_mol" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Na_o" name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.glucose_o" name="glucose_o" public_interface="in" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Imax_Na" name="Imax_Na" public_interface="out" units="uA" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Imax_gluc" name="Imax_gluc" public_interface="out" units="uA" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Khalf_Na_sq" name="Khalf_Na_sq" public_interface="out" units="M2" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Khalf_Na" name="Khalf_Na" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<variable cmeta:id="phenomonological_constants.Khalf_gluc" name="Khalf_gluc" public_interface="out" units="M" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>lambda</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>chi</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>beta</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>alpha</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>gamma</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_54</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>k_16</ci>
<ci>k_21</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_52</ci>
<ci>k_65</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>phi</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
</apply>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
<ci>k_25</ci>
<ci>k_32</ci>
<ci>k_43</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>epsilon</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>lambda</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>ks_12</ci>
</apply>
<ci>k0_23</ci>
<ci>k_34</ci>
<ci>k_45</ci>
<ci>k_56</ci>
<ci>k_61</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>Imax_gluc</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>C_T</ci>
<ci>epsilon</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>beta</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>Imax_Na</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>C_T</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>phi</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>epsilon</ci>
<ci>glucose_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>chi</ci>
<ci>glucose_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>Khalf_gluc</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>alpha</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>chi</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>beta</ci>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>Khalf_Na_sq</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>alpha</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>beta</ci>
<ci>glucose_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>chi</ci>
<ci>glucose_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>Khalf_Na</ci>
<apply>
<root />
<ci>Khalf_Na_sq</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rate_constants" component_2="NBC_current" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_34" variable_2="k_34" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_61" variable_2="k_61" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_25" variable_2="k_25" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_43" variable_2="k_43" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_16" variable_2="k_16" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_12" variable_2="k_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_56" variable_2="k_56" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_21" variable_2="k_21" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_52" variable_2="k_52" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_65" variable_2="k_65" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="parameters" component_2="phenomonological_constants" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_T" variable_2="C_T" />
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_23" variable_2="k0_23" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rate_constants" component_2="phenomonological_constants" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_23" variable_2="k_23" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_34" variable_2="k_34" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_25" variable_2="k_25" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_43" variable_2="k_43" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_12" variable_2="k_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_45" variable_2="k_45" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_65" variable_2="k_65" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_61" variable_2="k_61" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_32" variable_2="k_32" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_54" variable_2="k_54" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_16" variable_2="k_16" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_56" variable_2="k_56" />
<map_variables variable_1="ks_12" variable_2="ks_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_21" variable_2="k_21" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_52" variable_2="k_52" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="parameters" component_2="king_altman_states" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_T" variable_2="C_T" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ion_concentrations" component_2="phenomonological_constants" />
<map_variables variable_1="glucose_o" variable_2="glucose_o" />
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="parameters" component_2="NBC_current" />
<map_variables variable_1="n" variable_2="n" />
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F" />
<map_variables variable_1="alpha_pp" variable_2="alpha_pp" />
<map_variables variable_1="z_Na" variable_2="z_Na" />
<map_variables variable_1="alpha_p" variable_2="alpha_p" />
<map_variables variable_1="z_c" variable_2="z_c" />
<map_variables variable_1="delta" variable_2="delta" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="parameters" component_2="rate_constants" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_T" variable_2="C_T" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_12" variable_2="k0_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_25" variable_2="k0_25" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_54" variable_2="k0_54" />
<map_variables variable_1="alpha_pp" variable_2="alpha_pp" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_61" variable_2="k0_61" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_23" variable_2="k0_23" />
<map_variables variable_1="alpha_p" variable_2="alpha_p" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_45" variable_2="k0_45" />
<map_variables variable_1="delta" variable_2="delta" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_52" variable_2="k0_52" />
<map_variables variable_1="n" variable_2="n" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_32" variable_2="k0_32" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_56" variable_2="k0_56" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_16" variable_2="k0_16" />
<map_variables variable_1="z_Na" variable_2="z_Na" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_65" variable_2="k0_65" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_34" variable_2="k0_34" />
<map_variables variable_1="z_c" variable_2="z_c" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_43" variable_2="k0_43" />
<map_variables variable_1="k0_21" variable_2="k0_21" />
<map_variables variable_1="mu" variable_2="mu" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="kinetic_equations" component_2="NBC_current" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_3" variable_2="C_3" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_4" variable_2="C_4" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_1" variable_2="C_1" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_6" variable_2="C_6" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_5" variable_2="C_5" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_2" variable_2="C_2" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="kinetic_equations" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="ion_concentrations" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rate_constants" component_2="king_altman_states" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_23" variable_2="k_23" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_34" variable_2="k_34" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_25" variable_2="k_25" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_43" variable_2="k_43" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_12" variable_2="k_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_45" variable_2="k_45" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_65" variable_2="k_65" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_61" variable_2="k_61" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_32" variable_2="k_32" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_54" variable_2="k_54" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_16" variable_2="k_16" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_56" variable_2="k_56" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_21" variable_2="k_21" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_52" variable_2="k_52" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="parameters" component_2="kinetic_equations" />
<map_variables variable_1="C_T" variable_2="C_T" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rate_constants" component_2="kinetic_equations" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_23" variable_2="k_23" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_34" variable_2="k_34" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_25" variable_2="k_25" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_43" variable_2="k_43" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_12" variable_2="k_12" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_45" variable_2="k_45" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_65" variable_2="k_65" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_61" variable_2="k_61" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_32" variable_2="k_32" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_54" variable_2="k_54" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_16" variable_2="k_16" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_56" variable_2="k_56" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_21" variable_2="k_21" />
<map_variables variable_1="k_52" variable_2="k_52" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ion_concentrations" component_2="parameters" />
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ion_concentrations" component_2="rate_constants" />
<map_variables variable_1="Na_i" variable_2="Na_i" />
<map_variables variable_1="glucose_o" variable_2="glucose_o" />
<map_variables variable_1="glucose_i" variable_2="glucose_i" />
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="king_altman_states" component_2="NBC_current" />
<map_variables variable_1="C3" variable_2="C3" />
<map_variables variable_1="C2" variable_2="C2" />
<map_variables variable_1="C1" variable_2="C1" />
<map_variables variable_1="C4" variable_2="C4" />
<map_variables variable_1="C5" variable_2="C5" />
<map_variables variable_1="C6" variable_2="C6" />
</connection>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:bqmodel="http://biomodels.net/model-qualifiers/" xmlns:bqbiol="http://biomodels.net/biology-qualifiers/" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:ro="http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/ro.owl#" xmlns:bibo="http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/" xmlns:opb="http://bhi.washington.edu/OPB#" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_11" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.Na_i">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_3">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_3">
<ro:part_of>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_4">
<ro:part_of>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_5">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_70973" />
</rdf:Description>
</ro:part_of>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_66836" />
</rdf:Description>
</ro:part_of>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29101" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.V">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_2">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84666" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>membrane potential measured from portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule to portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment across apical plasma membrane</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_3" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_4" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_13" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_8" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_17" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#parameters.Na_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_1">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_1">
<ro:part_of>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_2">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_280787" />
</rdf:Description>
</ro:part_of>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29101" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_2" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_10" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_7" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_14" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#NBC_current.I_NaGl_pSS">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_11">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_0" dcterms:description="">
<semsim:hasMediatorParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#mediator_0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_8">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84666" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasMediatorParticipant>
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sink_1" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_1" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sink_0" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_3" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_1" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_1" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_0" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_3" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<semsim:name>Na+ flow through apical plasma membrane</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>presteady state current is given by sum of all translocation steps involving the transfer of a net charge in the cell membrane of SGLT1</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rate_constants.glucose_i">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_9">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_6">
<ro:part_of rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of glucose in the portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rate_constants.Na_i">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_7">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_3" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#eskandari_2005" bqmodel:isDescribedBy="16007500" dcterms:keyword="SGLT1" semsim:modelName="eskandari_2005">
<ro:located_in rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_17693" />
<vCard:FN>D.D.F. Loo</vCard:FN>
<semsim:unknown>Kinetics of the Reverse Mode of the Na+/Glucose Cotransporter</semsim:unknown>
<semsim:unknown>S. Eskandari</semsim:unknown>
<dcterms:title>Kinetics of the Reverse Mode of the Na+/Glucose Cotransporter</dcterms:title>
<ro:located_in rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_70973" />
<semsim:unknown>Reverse sugar transport</semsim:unknown>
<ro:located_in rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_17716" />
<dcterms:keyword>Xenopus oocyte</dcterms:keyword>
<vCard:FN>E.M. Wright</vCard:FN>
<semsim:unknown>eskandari_2005</semsim:unknown>
<dcterms:abstract>This study investigates the reverse mode of the Na/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1). In giant excised inside-out membrane patches from Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing rabbit SGLT1, application of a-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (aMDG) to the cytoplasmic solution induced an outward current from cytosolic to external membrane surface. The outward current was Na- and sugar-dependent, and was blocked by phlorizin, a specific inhibitor of SGLT1. The current-voltage relationship saturated at positive membrane voltages (30-50 mV), and approached zero at -150 mV. The half-maximal concentration for aMDG-evoked outward current (K_0.5_aMDG) was 35 mM (at 0 mV). In comparison, K_0.5_aMDG for forward sugar transport was 0.15 mM (at 0 mV). K_0.5_Na was similar for forward and reverse transport (~ 35mM at 0 mV). Specificity of SGLT1 for reverse transport was: aMDG (1.0) > D-galactose (0.84) > 3-O-methyl-glucose (0.55) > D-glucose (0.38), whereas for forward transport, specificity was: aMDG ~ D-glucose ~ D-galactose > 3-O-methylglucose. Thus there is an asymmetry in sugar kinetics and specificity between forward and reverse modes. Computer simulations showed that a 6-state kinetic model for SGLT1 can account for Na/sugar cotransport and its voltage dependence in both the forward and reverse modes at saturating sodium concentrations. Our data indicate that under physiological conditions, the transporter is poised to accumulate sugar efficiently in the enterocyte.</dcterms:abstract>
<semsim:unknown>SGLT1</semsim:unknown>
<ro:compartmentOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_66836" />
<ro:compartmentOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_74550" />
<ro:modelOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_P11170" />
<dcterms:keyword>Reverse sugar transport</dcterms:keyword>
<semsim:unknown>This study investigates the reverse mode of the Na/glucose cotransporter (SGLT1). In giant excised inside-out membrane patches from Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing rabbit SGLT1, application of a-methyl-D-glucopyranoside (aMDG) to the cytoplasmic solution induced an outward current from cytosolic to external membrane surface. The outward current was Na- and sugar-dependent, and was blocked by phlorizin, a specific inhibitor of SGLT1. The current-voltage relationship saturated at positive membrane voltages (30-50 mV), and approached zero at -150 mV. The half-maximal concentration for aMDG-evoked outward current (K_0.5_aMDG) was 35 mM (at 0 mV). In comparison, K_0.5_aMDG for forward sugar transport was 0.15 mM (at 0 mV). K_0.5_Na was similar for forward and reverse transport (~ 35mM at 0 mV). Specificity of SGLT1 for reverse transport was: aMDG (1.0) > D-galactose (0.84) > 3-O-methyl-glucose (0.55) > D-glucose (0.38), whereas for forward transport, specificity was: aMDG ~ D-glucose ~ D-galactose > 3-O-methylglucose. Thus there is an asymmetry in sugar kinetics and specificity between forward and reverse modes. Computer simulations showed that a 6-state kinetic model for SGLT1 can account for Na/sugar cotransport and its voltage dependence in both the forward and reverse modes at saturating sodium concentrations. Our data indicate that under physiological conditions, the transporter is poised to accumulate sugar efficiently in the enterocyte.</semsim:unknown>
<ro:located_in rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84666" />
<vCard:FN>S. Eskandari</vCard:FN>
<semsim:unknown>16007500</semsim:unknown>
<semsim:unknown>E.M. Wright</semsim:unknown>
<ro:compartmentOf rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84666" />
<bqmodel:isDescribedBy rdf:resource="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00232-005-0743-x" />
<semsim:unknown>D.D.F. Loo</semsim:unknown>
<semsim:unknown>Xenopus oocyte</semsim:unknown>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#environment.time" dcterms:description="Time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.glucose_i">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_5">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_6" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of glucose in the portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#phenomonological_constants.glucose_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_13">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_7">
<ro:part_of rdf:resource="#entity_2" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of glucose in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rate_constants.glucose_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_10">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_7" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of glucose in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_1" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.Na_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_4">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_1" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_11" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_6" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_15" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#phenomonological_constants.Na_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_12">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_1" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#parameters.V">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_0">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>membrane potential measured from portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule to portion of cytosol in epithelial cell of proximal tubule compartment across apical plasma membrane</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rate_constants.Na_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_8">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_1" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of Na+ in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_5" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_12" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#kinetic_equations.time" dcterms:description="Time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_9" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_16" dcterms:description="" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.glucose_o">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_6">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_7" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of glucose in the portion of renal filtrate in proximal convoluted tubule compartment</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ion_concentrations.time" dcterms:description="Time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
