- Author:
- AnandR <a.rampadarath@auckland.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2019-09-11 14:20:00+12:00
- Desc:
- Added omex files
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/59c/rawfile/5235f140f05975a62ccea67e4854ea79ca6ed984/model/iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.rdf
<rdf:RDF
xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:semsim="http://www.bhi.washington.edu/SemSim#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:bqmodel="http://biomodels.net/model-qualifiers/"
xmlns:bqbiol="http://biomodels.net/biology-qualifiers/"
xmlns:ro="http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/ro.owl#" >
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</rdf:Description>
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</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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</rdf:Description>
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</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_17"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_72444"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_29">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_5"/>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in bulk cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_13"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00593"/>
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<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_0"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_0"/>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium current through L-type calcium channel</dcterms:description>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Sodium concentration external to cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES_CaJSR">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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</rdf:Description>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Temp">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00293"/>
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</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Nao">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
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<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_1"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_1"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium current through L-type calcium channel</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>L-Type calcium channel calcium current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.INaK">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Sodium/potassium pump current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#I_stimulus.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
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</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_ICa_ICaK.Cai">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in bulk cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Jtr">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00593"/>
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</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_3">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_3"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_3"/>
<dcterms:description>Total current through sarcolemmal calcium pump</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Sarcolemmal calcium pump current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INa_IKr_IKs_Ito1_IK1_INab_IKp_IKs">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Slow delayed rectifier potassium channel current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INa_IKr_IKs_Ito1_IK1_INab_IKp_IK1">
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<dcterms:description>Inward rectifier potassium channel current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_19">
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_REVERSAL_POTENTIALS.ENa">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01581"/>
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<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>A computational model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte</title>
<author>
<firstname>Steven</firstname>
<surname>Niederer</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>This CellML model runs in OpenCell and COR to reproduce the published results. The units have been checked and they are consistent.</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>ABSTRACT: A computational model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte is presented. Models of each of the major ionic currents present in these cells are formulated and validated using experimental data obtained from studies of recombinant human ion channels and/or whole-cell recording from single myocytes isolated from human left-ventricular subepicardium. Continuous-time Markov chain models for the gating of the fast Na(+) current, transient outward current, rapid component of the delayed rectifier current, and the L-type calcium current are modified to represent human data at physiological temperature. A new model for the gating of the slow component of the delayed rectifier current is formulated and validated against experimental data. Properties of calcium handling and exchanger currents are altered to appropriately represent the dynamics of intracellular ion concentrations. The model is able to both reproduce and predict a wide range of behaviors observed experimentally including action potential morphology, ionic currents, intracellular calcium transients, frequency dependence of action-potential duration, Ca(2+)-frequency relations, and extrasystolic restitution/post-extrasystolic potentiation. The model therefore serves as a useful tool for investigating mechanisms of arrhythmia and consequences of drug-channel interactions in the human left-ventricular myocyte.</para>
<para>The original paper reference is cited below:</para>
<para>
A computational model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte, Vivek Iyer, Reza Mazhari and Raimond L. Winslow, 2004,
<emphasis>Biophysical Journal</emphasis>
, 87, 1507-1525.
<ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15345532">PubMed ID: 15345532</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>cell diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="iyer_2004.png" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>
A schematic diagram describing the ion movement across the cell surface membrane and the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which are described by the Iyer
<emphasis>et al.</emphasis>
2004 mathematical model of the human left-ventricular epicardial myocyte.
</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
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<dcterms:description>Region of the sarcoplasmic reticulum connecting the junction sarcoplasmic reticulum regions</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Network sarcoplasmic reticulum</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_32">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_7"/>
<semsim:name>Total portion of calmodulin</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#INa.Rgas">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00410"/>
<dcterms:description>Universal gas constant</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_7">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_ICa_ICaK.ICaK">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_0"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Potassium current through L-type calcium channel</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INTRACELLULAR_CALCIUM_FLUXES.CaJSR">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_15"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration of fluid inside the junctional region of the sarcoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS.HTRPNtot">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_30"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Total concentration of high affinity troponin binding sites</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_DERIVATIVES_OF_LTYPE_CHANNEL_STATES.CaSS">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_2"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in diadic space</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_18">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_14">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_16"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_15"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium current through background calcium channel</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Background calcium channel calcium current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS_CMDNtot">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_32"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Total concentration of calmodulin in cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_5">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_9672"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INa_IKr_IKs_Ito1_IK1_INab_IKp.Faraday">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00089"/>
<dcterms:description>Faraday constant</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS.LTRPNCa">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_22"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of calcium bound to low affinity troponin C binding sites</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_3">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_33">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_23"/>
<semsim:name>Total portion of low affinity troponin C binding sites</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_21">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_19"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29108"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_DERIVATIVES_OF_LTYPE_CHANNEL_STATES.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_7"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29108"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS.HTRPNCa">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_24"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of calcium bound to high affinity troponin C binding sites</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_15">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_18"/>
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_17"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_17"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_16"/>
<dcterms:description>Total current through sodium/calcium exchanger</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Sodium/calcium exchanger current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INaK_INaCa_ICab_IpCa.Ko">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of potassium external to the cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_DERIVATIVES_OF_Kv4_3_CHANNEL_STATES.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS_Jtrpn">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_6"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00593"/>
<dcterms:description>Flux of calcium binding to both low and high affinity sites on troponin C</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.VJSR">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_25"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154"/>
<dcterms:description>Volume of matrix of the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_4">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_2"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INaK_INaCa_ICab_IpCa.Cai">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in bulk cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Cai">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in bulk cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_22">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_23"/>
<semsim:name>Calcium bound to low affinity troponin C binding site</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Rgas">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00410"/>
<dcterms:description>Universal gas constant</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_10">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_7"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29103"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_9">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_15"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_34">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_16"/>
<semsim:name>Total portion of calsequestrin</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_REVERSAL_POTENTIALS.Ki">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_10"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Potassium concentration in bulk cytosol</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.VSS">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_27"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154"/>
<dcterms:description>Volume of the cytosolic fluid in the diadic space</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.INa">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_12"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Fast sodium channel current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INaK_INaCa_ICab_IpCa.Nai">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_6"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of sodium in cytosol of cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_7">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_1"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_66836"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_16">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_19"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_18"/>
<dcterms:description>Total current through transient outward potassium channel</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Transient outward potassium channel current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INa_IKr_IKs_Ito1_IK1_INab_IKp_INa">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_12"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Fast sodium channel current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.INab">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_2"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318"/>
<dcterms:description>Background sodium channel current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#environment_time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_4">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_4"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_4"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium release from junctional SR into the cytosolic subspace (Diadic space) mediated by sarcoplasmic reticulum ryanodine receptor</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>SR RyR Ca2+ release</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_11">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_0"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29101"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INaK_INaCa_ICab_IpCa.ECa">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_9"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01581"/>
<dcterms:description>Nernst potential of calcium across the plasma membrane of the cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_15">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_11">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_23">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_1"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_67895"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_1">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_2"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.Vmyo">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_28"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154"/>
<dcterms:description>Volume of the cytosol of the cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#INa.V">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_0"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506"/>
<dcterms:description>Membrane potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#process_5">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_5"/>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_5"/>
<dcterms:description>Uptake of Calcium from the Cytosol to the Network SR by the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Pump (SERCA2a)</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>SERCA2a Uptake</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_24">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_23"/>
<semsim:name>Calcium bound to high affinity troponin C binding sites</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_14">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_10">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_ICa_ICaK.Cao">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_4"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration outside the cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_5"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29103"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_2">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_6"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#IKs.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_REVERSAL_POTENTIALS.Ko">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_12"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Concentration of potassium external to the cardiac myocyte</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_Jtrpn_and_BUFFER_SCALE_FACTORS.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023"/>
<dcterms:description>Simulation time domain</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_9">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_0"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29108"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INTRACELLULAR_CALCIUM_FLUXES.CaNSR">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_21"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration in the network regions of the sarcoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29101"/>
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<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_72444"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_REVERSAL_POTENTIALS.Nai">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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<dcterms:description>Total current through rapid delayed rectifier potassium channel</dcterms:description>
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</rdf:Description>
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<semsim:hasSourceParticipant rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#source_8"/>
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<dcterms:description>Total current through the sodium/potassium pump</dcterms:description>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_CONCENTRATION_AND_VOLTAGE_DERIVATIVES.VNSR">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154"/>
<dcterms:description>Volume of the matrix of the network sarcoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_ICa_ICaK.Faraday">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00089"/>
<dcterms:description>Faraday constant</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_INTRACELLULAR_CALCIUM_FLUXES.CaSS">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_26">
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<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA_72444"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_14">
<bqbiol:isPartOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_0"/>
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/chebi/CHEBI:29103"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#sink_0">
<semsim:hasMultiplier>1.0</semsim:hasMultiplier>
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_10"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_DERIVATIVES_OF_RyR_RECEPTOR_STATES.CaSS">
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</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#COMPUTE_DERIVATIVES_OF_Kv1_4_CHANNEL_STATES.V">
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506"/>
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</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
<dcterms:description>Calcium concentration of fluid inside the junctional region of the sarcoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
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<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="./iyer_mazhari_winslow_2004.cellml#entity_8"/>
<bqbiol:isVersionOf rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340"/>
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<dcterms:description>Total current through the fast sodium channel</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Sodium channel current</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
