Location: Calcium Dynamics Annotations @ 4d6408caaf3e / bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow / model / bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml

Author:

neilstephen2001 <npar276@aucklanduni.ac.nz>

Date:

2021-01-26 14:35:03+13:00

Desc:

modifying rdf files

Permanent Source URI:

https://models.cellml.org/workspace/7f1/rawfile/4d6408caaf3e7b1b86d33d53d26105360ef95347/bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow/model/bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:semsim="http://www.bhi.washington.edu/SemSim#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" name="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow" cmeta:id="bertram_2000_slow">
  <documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
    <article>
      <articleinfo>
        <title>The phantom burster model for pancreatic beta-cells</title>
        <author>
          <firstname>Catherine</firstname>
          <surname>Lloyd</surname>
          <affiliation>
            <shortaffil>Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland</shortaffil>
          </affiliation>
        </author>
      </articleinfo>
      <section id="sec_status">
        <title>Model Status</title>
        <para>
          This model has been rebuilt according to the author's original XPPAUT code, which can be found
          <ulink url="http://www.math.fsu.edu/~bertram/software/islet/BJ_04a.ode">here</ulink>
          . This version of the CellML model represents the slow bursting model where gs1=3.  The model replicates figure 4 in the published paper (please note you need to run the model for at least 300 seconds to get past the initial unstable stage).  The model runs in both PCEnv and COR and the units are consistent.
        </para>
      </section>
      <sect1 id="sec_structure">
        <title>Model Structure</title>
        <para>ABSTRACT: Pancreatic beta-cells exhibit bursting oscillations with a wide range of periods. Whereas periods in isolated cells are generally either a few seconds or a few minutes, in intact islets of Langerhans they are intermediate (10-60 s). We develop a mathematical model for beta-cell electrical activity capable of generating this wide range of bursting oscillations. Unlike previous models, bursting is driven by the interaction of two slow processes, one with a relatively small time constant (1-5 s) and the other with a much larger time constant (1-2 min). Bursting on the intermediate time scale is generated without need for a slow process having an intermediate time constant, hence phantom bursting. The model suggests that isolated cells exhibiting a fast pattern may nonetheless possess slower processes that can be brought out by injecting suitable exogenous currents. Guided by this, we devise an experimental protocol using the dynamic clamp technique that reliably elicits islet-like, medium period oscillations from isolated cells. Finally, we show that strong electrical coupling between a fast burster and a slow burster can produce synchronized medium bursting, suggesting that islets may be composed of cells that are intrinsically either fast or slow, with few or none that are intrinsically medium.</para>
        <para>The original paper reference is cited below:</para>
        <para>
          The phantom burster model for pancreatic beta-cells, Richard Bertram, Joseph Previte, Arthur Sherman, Tracie A. Kinard and Leslie S. Satin, 2000,
          <emphasis>Biophysical Journal</emphasis>
          , 79, 2880-2892.
          <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;list_uids=11106596&amp;dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 11106596</ulink>
        </para>
        <informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
          <mediaobject>
            <imageobject>
              <objectinfo>
                <title>cell schematic for the model</title>
              </objectinfo>
              <imagedata fileref="bertram_2000.png" />
            </imageobject>
          </mediaobject>
          <caption>Schematic diagram of the pancreatic beta-cell plasma membrane showing the ionic currents captured by the phantom burster model.</caption>
        </informalfigure>
      </sect1>
    </article>
  </documentation>
  <units name="femtoA">
    <unit prefix="femto" units="ampere" />
  </units>
  <units name="picoS">
    <unit prefix="pico" units="siemens" />
  </units>
  <units name="minute">
    <unit multiplier="60.0" units="second" />
  </units>
  <units name="millisecond">
    <unit prefix="milli" units="second" />
  </units>
  <units name="femtoF">
    <unit prefix="femto" units="farad" />
  </units>
  <units name="millivolt">
    <unit prefix="milli" units="volt" />
  </units>
  <component name="environment">
    <variable cmeta:id="environment_time" name="time" public_interface="out" units="millisecond" />
  </component>
  <component name="membrane">
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.Cm" initial_value="4524" name="Cm" units="femtoF" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane_V" initial_value="-43" name="V" public_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.ICa" name="ICa" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.IK" name="IK" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.Il" name="Il" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.Is1" name="Is1" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="membrane.Is2" name="Is2" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <apply>
          <diff />
          <bvar>
            <ci>time</ci>
          </bvar>
          <ci>V</ci>
        </apply>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <apply>
              <plus />
              <ci>ICa</ci>
              <ci>IK</ci>
              <ci>Il</ci>
              <ci>Is1</ci>
              <ci>Is2</ci>
            </apply>
          </apply>
          <ci>Cm</ci>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <component name="Ca_current">
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.Vm" initial_value="-22" name="Vm" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.VCa" initial_value="100" name="VCa" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.gCa" initial_value="280" name="gCa" units="picoS" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.minf" name="minf" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current.sm" initial_value="7.5" name="sm" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="Ca_current_ICa" name="ICa" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>minf</ci>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
          <apply>
            <plus />
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
            <apply>
              <exp />
              <apply>
                <divide />
                <apply>
                  <minus />
                  <ci>Vm</ci>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>sm</ci>
              </apply>
            </apply>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>ICa</ci>
        <apply>
          <times />
          <ci>gCa</ci>
          <ci>minf</ci>
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>V</ci>
            <ci>VCa</ci>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <component name="rapid_K_current">
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current_IK" name="IK" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.VK" initial_value="-80" name="VK" public_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.gK" initial_value="1300" name="gK" units="picoS" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.n" initial_value="0.03" name="n" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.lambda" initial_value="1.1" name="lambda" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.tnbar" initial_value="9.09" name="tnbar" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.Vn" initial_value="-9" name="Vn" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.sn" initial_value="10" name="sn" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.taun" name="taun" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="rapid_K_current.ninf" name="ninf" units="dimensionless" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>IK</ci>
        <apply>
          <times />
          <ci>gK</ci>
          <ci>n</ci>
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>V</ci>
            <ci>VK</ci>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <apply>
          <diff />
          <bvar>
            <ci>time</ci>
          </bvar>
          <ci>n</ci>
        </apply>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <apply>
            <times />
            <ci>lambda</ci>
            <apply>
              <minus />
              <ci>ninf</ci>
              <ci>n</ci>
            </apply>
          </apply>
          <apply>
            <times />
            <ci>taun</ci>
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>ninf</ci>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
          <apply>
            <plus />
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
            <apply>
              <exp />
              <apply>
                <divide />
                <apply>
                  <minus />
                  <ci>Vn</ci>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>sn</ci>
              </apply>
            </apply>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>taun</ci>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <ci>tnbar</ci>
          <apply>
            <plus />
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
            <apply>
              <exp />
              <apply>
                <divide />
                <apply>
                  <minus />
                  <ci>V</ci>
                  <ci>Vn</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>sn</ci>
              </apply>
            </apply>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <component name="slow_K_current">
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current_Is1" name="Is1" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.gs1" initial_value="3" name="gs1" units="picoS" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.s1" initial_value="0.1" name="s1" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.VK" name="VK" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.s1inf" name="s1inf" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.Vs1" initial_value="-40" name="Vs1" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.ss1" initial_value="0.5" name="ss1" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="slow_K_current.taus1" initial_value="1000" name="taus1" units="dimensionless" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>Is1</ci>
        <apply>
          <times />
          <ci>gs1</ci>
          <ci>s1</ci>
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>V</ci>
            <ci>VK</ci>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>s1inf</ci>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
          <apply>
            <plus />
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
            <apply>
              <exp />
              <apply>
                <divide />
                <apply>
                  <minus />
                  <ci>Vs1</ci>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>ss1</ci>
              </apply>
            </apply>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <apply>
          <diff />
          <bvar>
            <ci>time</ci>
          </bvar>
          <ci>s1</ci>
        </apply>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>s1inf</ci>
            <ci>s1</ci>
          </apply>
          <apply>
            <times />
            <ci>taus1</ci>
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <component name="very_slow_K_current">
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.VK" name="VK" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.Vs2" initial_value="-42" name="Vs2" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.s2" initial_value="0.434" name="s2" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.s2inf" name="s2inf" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.ss2" initial_value="0.4" name="ss2" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.gs2" initial_value="32" name="gs2" units="picoS" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current.taus2" initial_value="120000" name="taus2" units="dimensionless" />
    <variable cmeta:id="very_slow_K_current_Is2" name="Is2" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>Is2</ci>
        <apply>
          <times />
          <ci>gs2</ci>
          <ci>s2</ci>
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>V</ci>
            <ci>VK</ci>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>s2inf</ci>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
          <apply>
            <plus />
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
            <apply>
              <exp />
              <apply>
                <divide />
                <apply>
                  <minus />
                  <ci>Vs2</ci>
                  <ci>V</ci>
                </apply>
                <ci>ss2</ci>
              </apply>
            </apply>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <apply>
          <diff />
          <bvar>
            <ci>time</ci>
          </bvar>
          <ci>s2</ci>
        </apply>
        <apply>
          <divide />
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>s2inf</ci>
            <ci>s2</ci>
          </apply>
          <apply>
            <times />
            <ci>taus2</ci>
            <cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <component name="leak_current">
    <variable cmeta:id="leak_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
    <variable cmeta:id="leak_current_Il" name="Il" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
    <variable cmeta:id="leak_current.gl" initial_value="25" name="gl" units="picoS" />
    <variable cmeta:id="leak_current.Vl" initial_value="-40" name="Vl" units="millivolt" />
    <variable cmeta:id="leak_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
    <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
      <apply>
        <eq />
        <ci>Il</ci>
        <apply>
          <times />
          <ci>gl</ci>
          <apply>
            <minus />
            <ci>V</ci>
            <ci>Vl</ci>
          </apply>
        </apply>
      </apply>
    </math>
  </component>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="leak_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="Ca_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="rapid_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="rapid_K_current" component_2="slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="VK" variable_2="VK" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="leak_current" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="Il" variable_2="Il" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="rapid_K_current" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="IK" variable_2="IK" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="rapid_K_current" component_2="very_slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="VK" variable_2="VK" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="very_slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="leak_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="Ca_current" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="ICa" variable_2="ICa" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="slow_K_current" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="Is1" variable_2="Is1" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="very_slow_K_current" component_2="membrane" />
    <map_variables variable_1="Is2" variable_2="Is2" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="rapid_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="very_slow_K_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V" />
  </connection>
  <connection>
    <map_components component_1="environment" component_2="Ca_current" />
    <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
  </connection>
  <rdf:RDF xmlns:bqmodel="http://biomodels.net/model-qualifiers/" xmlns:bqbiol="http://biomodels.net/biology-qualifiers/" xmlns:ro="http://www.obofoundry.org/ro/ro.owl#" xmlns:opb="http://bhi.washington.edu/OPB#">
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current_Is1">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_10">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_15">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current_Is1">
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.Vm">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane_V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_0">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.minf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of calcium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.ss2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.gs1">
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.ninf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.taus1">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.gCa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.Vs2">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of very slow potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.s1inf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.Vs1">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of slow potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.sm">
      <dcterms:description>calcium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#bertram_2000_slow" bqmodel:isDescribedBy="11106596">
      <semsim:unknown>The Bertram et al 2000 phantom burster model for pancreatic beta-cells.@en</semsim:unknown>
      <semsim:modelName>bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow</semsim:modelName>
      <semsim:unknown>pancreatic beta-cell@en</semsim:unknown>
      <semsim:modelName>bertram_2000_slow</semsim:modelName>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.Il">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_3">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>leak current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.IK">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_2">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.Cm">
      <dcterms:description>membrane capacitance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current_Is2">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_13">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.ICa">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_1">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.s2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_12">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.gK">
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.s1">
      <dcterms:description>slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.Vs2">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of very slow potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current_IK">
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#leak_current.V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.gK">
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.Is1">
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.n">
      <dcterms:description>rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.taus2">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.gs2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#leak_current_Il">
      <dcterms:description>leak current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.Is2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current_ICa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current_Il">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_14">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>leak current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.gs1">
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.s2inf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current_ICa">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_7">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.taun">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.taun">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.s2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_9">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane_V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#environment_time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_11">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.gs2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.s1inf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#environment_time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.sn">
      <dcterms:description>rapid potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.ss1">
      <dcterms:description>slow potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.n">
      <dcterms:description>rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current_Is2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.V">
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.sn">
      <dcterms:description>rapid potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.ss1">
      <dcterms:description>slow potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.minf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of calcium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.Il">
      <dcterms:description>leak current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.Cm">
      <dcterms:description>membrane capacitance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.IK">
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.gCa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.taus1">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.ninf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of rapid potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#slow_K_current.VK">
      <dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current.Vn">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of rapid potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.Is2">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_5">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>very slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapid_K_current_IK">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_8">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>rapidly-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#bertram_2000_slow" bqmodel:isDescribedBy="11106596" />
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.VCa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.Vm">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#leak_current.gl">
      <dcterms:description>leakage current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.Is1">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_4">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>slow-activating potassium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.Vs1">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of slow potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.gl">
      <dcterms:description>leakage current conductance</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#Ca_current.VCa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#leak_current.Vl">
      <dcterms:description>leakage reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#slow_K_current.s1">
      <dcterms:description>slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.Vl">
      <dcterms:description>leakage reversal potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#rapid_K_current.Vn">
      <dcterms:description>activation potential of rapid potassium channel</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#leak_current.time">
      <bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.taus2">
      <dcterms:description>activation time constant for very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#very_slow_K_current.s2inf">
      <dcterms:description>steady state function of very slow potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.sm">
      <dcterms:description>calcium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="bertram_previte_sherman_kinard_satin_2000_slow.cellml#membrane.ICa">
      <dcterms:description>calcium current</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#very_slow_K_current.ss2">
      <dcterms:description>very slow potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_current.V">
      <semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
        <rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_6">
          <semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
        </rdf:Description>
      </semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
      <dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
    </rdf:Description>
  </rdf:RDF>
</model>