- Author:
- neilstephen2001 <npar276@aucklanduni.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2021-01-26 14:35:03+13:00
- Desc:
- modifying rdf files
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/7f1/rawfile/4d6408caaf3e7b1b86d33d53d26105360ef95347/goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002/model/goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:semsim="http://www.bhi.washington.edu/SemSim#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" name="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002" cmeta:id="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002_version02">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Calcium-activated K+ Channels in Pancreatic Beta-Cells</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>This is the original unchecked version of the model imported from the previous
CellML model repository, 24-Jan-2006.</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans play an important role in the control of blood glucose levels by secreting insulin in response to an increase in extracellular glucose concentration. Increased glucose concentration also induces rhythmical electrical activity in beta cells. This activity consists of the periodic plateaus and spikes of Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
-dependent action potentials, which enhance Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
influx and insulin secretion. Two K
<subscript>Ca</subscript>
channels are present in beta cells: a voltage dependent, "fast", large conductance K
<subscript>Ca</subscript>
, and a slowly activating and deactivating K
<subscript>Ca</subscript>
current, K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
. K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
is thought to be responsible for islet pacemaking.
</para>
<para>
Experimental data suggest that both cytosolic calcium and calcium from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play an essential role in the activation of K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
channels. In their 2002 paper, P.B. Goforth, R. Bertram, F.A. Khan, M. Zhang, A. Sherman, and L.S. Satin develop two mathematical models to test this theory (see
<xref linkend="fig_cell_diagram" />
below). Their first minimal model lacks a separate subspace, and they found that this two component model (cytosol and ER) was insufficient to explain Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
-induced activation of K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
channels. However, their second model incorporated a localised pool of Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
in a subspace located between the plasma membrane and the ER. In this model, subspace [Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
] is positively correlated with changes in cytosolic [Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
], but with a gradient that reflects Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
efflux from the ER. The simulations from this model were consistent with experimental data.
</para>
<para>The complete original paper reference is cited below:</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.jgp.org/cgi/content/abstract/120/3/307">
Calcium-activated K
<superscript>+</superscript>
Channels of Mouse Beta-cells are Controlled by Both Store and Cytoplasmic Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
: Experimental and Theoretical Studies
</ulink>
, P.B. Goforth, R. Bertram, F.A. Khan, M. Zhang, A. Sherman, and L.S. Satin, 2002,
<ulink url="http://www.jgp.org/">
<emphasis>Journal of General Physiology</emphasis>
</ulink>
, 120, 307-322. (
<ulink url="http://www.jgp.org/cgi/content/full/120/3/307">Full text</ulink>
and
<ulink url="http://www.jgp.org/cgi/reprint/120/3/307.pdf">PDF versions</ulink>
of the article are available to subscribers on the Journal of General Physiology website.)
<ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=12198088&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 12198088</ulink>
</para>
<para>
The raw CellML descriptions of the model can be downloaded in various formats as described in
<xref linkend="sec_download_this_model" />
.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>cell_diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="goforth_2002.png" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>
Schematic diagram of the model of K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
activation by Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
. Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
entering the beta-cell through voltage gated Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
channels (
<emphasis>
I
<subscript>Ca</subscript>
</emphasis>
) is either pumped out of the cell by the Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
ATPase (
<emphasis>
J
<subscript>PMCA</subscript>
</emphasis>
), or by Na
<superscript>+</superscript>
/Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
exchange, or it is pumped into the ER by SERCA (
<emphasis>
J
<subscript>SERCA</subscript>
</emphasis>
). Ca
<superscript>2+</superscript>
leaves the ER through specialised channels close to the K
<subscript>slow</subscript>
channels (
<emphasis>
J
<subscript>RELEASE</subscript>
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis>
J
<subscript>X</subscript>
</emphasis>
). This produces a local calcium concentration gradient in the subspace. Subspace calcium is passively exchanged with cytosolic calcium.
</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<units name="flux">
<unit units="micromolar" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="millisecond" />
</units>
<units name="picoS">
<unit prefix="pico" units="siemens" />
</units>
<units name="millivolt">
<unit prefix="milli" units="volt" />
</units>
<units name="micromolar_per_fA_ms">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="femtoA" />
<unit units="micromolar" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="millisecond" />
</units>
<units name="femtoF">
<unit prefix="femto" units="farad" />
</units>
<units name="per_millisecond">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="millisecond" />
</units>
<units name="micromolar">
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="litre" />
<unit prefix="micro" units="mole" />
</units>
<units name="millisecond">
<unit prefix="milli" units="second" />
</units>
<units name="microlitre">
<unit prefix="micro" units="litre" />
</units>
<units name="femtoA">
<unit prefix="femto" units="ampere" />
</units>
<units name="coulomb_per_mole">
<unit units="mole" />
<unit exponent="-1.0" units="coulomb" />
</units>
<component name="environment">
<variable cmeta:id="environment.time" name="time" public_interface="out" units="millisecond" />
</component>
<component name="membrane">
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.V" initial_value="-65.0" name="V" public_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.Cm" initial_value="5300.0" name="Cm" units="femtoF" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.i_Ca" name="i_Ca" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.i_K" name="i_K" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.i_KATP" name="i_KATP" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.i_KCa" name="i_KCa" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="membrane.i_Leak" name="i_Leak" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>i_Ca</ci>
<ci>i_K</ci>
<ci>i_KATP</ci>
<ci>i_KCa</ci>
<ci>i_Leak</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>Cm</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_current">
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.i_Ca" name="i_Ca" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.V_Ca" initial_value="30.0" name="V_Ca" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.g_Ca" initial_value="1450.0" name="g_Ca" units="picoS" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current.m_infinity" name="m_infinity" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ca_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>i_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>g_Ca</ci>
<ci>m_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>V_Ca</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_current_m_gate">
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current_m_gate.m_infinity" name="m_infinity" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current_m_gate.Vm" initial_value="-13.0" name="Vm" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current_m_gate.Sm" initial_value="8.0" name="Sm" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current_m_gate.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_current_m_gate.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="m_infinity_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>m_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
<apply>
<plus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Vm</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Sm</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.i_K" name="i_K" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.V_K" initial_value="-70.0" name="V_K" public_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.g_K" initial_value="2500.0" name="g_K" units="picoS" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current.n" name="n" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>i_K</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>g_K</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>V_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate">
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.n" initial_value="0.0001" name="n" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.n_infinity" name="n_infinity" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.tau_n" initial_value="10.8" name="tau_n" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.Vn" initial_value="-15.0" name="Vn" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.Sn" initial_value="5.6" name="Sn" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="n_diff_eq">
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>n_infinity</ci>
<ci>n</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_n</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="n_infinity_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>n_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
<apply>
<plus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Vn</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Sn</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_activated_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.i_KCa" name="i_KCa" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.g_KCa" initial_value="1200.0" name="g_KCa" units="picoS" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.V_K" name="V_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.c_SS" name="c_SS" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current.w" name="w" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Ca_activated_K_current_i_KCa_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>i_KCa</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>g_KCa</ci>
<ci>w</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>V_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate">
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.w" name="w" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.Kd" initial_value="0.7" name="Kd" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.q" initial_value="8.0" name="q" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.c_SS" name="c_SS" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="w_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>w</ci>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<power />
<ci>c_SS</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<power />
<ci>c_SS</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power />
<ci>Kd</ci>
<ci>q</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ATP_dependent_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="ATP_dependent_K_current.i_KATP" name="i_KATP" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="ATP_dependent_K_current.g_KATP" initial_value="63.0" name="g_KATP" units="picoS" />
<variable cmeta:id="ATP_dependent_K_current.V_K" name="V_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="ATP_dependent_K_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="ATP_dependent_K_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ATP_dependent_K_current_i_KCa_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>i_KATP</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>g_KATP</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>V_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="leak_current">
<variable cmeta:id="leak_current.i_Leak" name="i_Leak" public_interface="out" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="leak_current.g_Leak" initial_value="14.0" name="g_Leak" units="picoS" />
<variable cmeta:id="leak_current.V_Leak" initial_value="-30.0" name="V_Leak" units="millivolt" />
<variable cmeta:id="leak_current.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="leak_current.V" name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Leak_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>i_Leak</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>g_Leak</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>V_Leak</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_concentrations">
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.c" initial_value="0.027" name="c" public_interface="out" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.c_ER" initial_value="111.17" name="c_ER" public_interface="out" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.c_SS" initial_value="0.29" name="c_SS" public_interface="out" units="micromolar" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.f_CYT" initial_value="0.01" name="f_CYT" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.f_ER" initial_value="0.005" name="f_ER" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.f_SS" initial_value="0.04" name="f_SS" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.alpha" initial_value="4.5E-6" name="alpha" units="micromolar_per_fA_ms" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.F" initial_value="96845.0" name="F" units="coulomb_per_mole" />
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<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.V_ER" name="V_ER" units="microlitre" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.V_SS" name="V_SS" units="microlitre" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.i_Ca" name="i_Ca" public_interface="in" units="femtoA" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.J_PMCA" name="J_PMCA" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.J_SERCA" name="J_SERCA" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.J_RELEASE" name="J_RELEASE" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
<variable cmeta:id="calcium_concentrations.J_X" name="J_X" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="c_dt">
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<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>c</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>f_CYT</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>alpha</ci>
<ci>i_Ca</ci>
</apply>
<ci>J_PMCA</ci>
<ci>J_SERCA</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>J_X</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>alpha</ci>
<apply>
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<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2.0</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V_CYT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_CYT_calculation1">
<eq />
<ci>V_CYT</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">25.0</cn>
<ci>V_ER</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_SS_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>V_SS</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.4</cn>
<ci>V_CYT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="V_ER_calculation">
<eq />
<ci>V_ER</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
<ci>V_SS</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="c_ER_dt">
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>c_ER</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>f_ER</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<divide />
<ci>V_CYT</ci>
<ci>V_ER</ci>
</apply>
<ci>J_SERCA</ci>
</apply>
<ci>J_RELEASE</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="c_SS_dt">
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>c_SS</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_fluxes.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_activated_K_current_w_gate.Kd">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_15">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>calcium binding constant in calcium-activated potassium channel</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.Sn">
<dcterms:description>potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#ATP_dependent_K_current.V_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.i_Leak">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_19">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>leak current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_fluxes.k_SERCA">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01296" />
<dcterms:description>rate constant of SERCA pump</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_current_m_gate.Sm">
<dcterms:description>calcium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ATP_dependent_K_current.V">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_18">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00506" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_concentrations.f_ER">
<dcterms:description>fraction of free to total endoplasmic reticulum calcium</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_concentrations.J_RELEASE">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_30">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00593" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>calcium flux from endoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol through calcium channels</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.g_Leak">
<dcterms:description>leakage current conductance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_current_m_gate.Vm">
<dcterms:description>activation potential of calcium channel</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#leak_current.V_Leak">
<dcterms:description>leakage reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#leak_current.V_Leak">
<dcterms:description>leakage reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_concentrations.f_CYT">
<dcterms:description>fraction of free to total cytosolic calcium</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_activated_K_current.i_KCa">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_12">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>calcium-activated potassium current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.Cm">
<dcterms:description>membrane capacitance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_fluxes.k_PMCA">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01296" />
<dcterms:description>rate constant of plasma membrane calcium ATPase</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.Sn">
<dcterms:description>potassium channel saturation potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002_version02" bqmodel:isDescribedBy="12198088" />
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.i_KATP">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_3">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>ATP-dependent potassium current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_activated_K_current.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#Ca_activated_K_current.c_SS">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_13">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>concentration of calcium in the subspace</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_current.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#membrane.V">
<dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#rapidly_activating_K_current.V_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapidly_activating_K_current.g_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_concentrations.f_ER">
<dcterms:description>fraction of free to total endoplasmic reticulum calcium</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_concentrations.alpha">
<dcterms:description>current to flux proportionality constant</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#entity_5">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/fma/FMA:85704" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_current.m_infinity">
<dcterms:description>steady state function of calcium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_fluxes.c_ER">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_37">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_3" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00340" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>concentration of calcium in the endoplasmic reticulum</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ATP_dependent_K_current.V_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#calcium_current.i_Ca">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_6">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>voltage-dependent calcium current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapidly_activating_K_current.V_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium reversal potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#membrane.i_K">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_2">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00318" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>delayed rectifying potassium current</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapidly_activating_K_current_n_gate.n">
<dcterms:description>potassium channel activation variable</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#rapidly_activating_K_current.V">
<dcterms:description>membrane potential</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#rapidly_activating_K_current.g_K">
<dcterms:description>potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rapidly_activating_K_current.time">
<bqbiol:is rdf:resource="https://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_concentrations.J_PMCA">
<dcterms:description>calcium flux out of cell through calcium ATPase channels</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_fluxes.J_PMCA">
<dcterms:description>calcium flux out of cell through calcium ATPase channels</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#Ca_activated_K_current.g_KCa">
<dcterms:description>calcium-dependent potassium current conductance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#membrane.Cm">
<dcterms:description>membrane capacitance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#calcium_concentrations.V_SS">
<bqbiol:isPropertyOf rdf:resource="goforth_bertram_khan_zhang_sherman_satin_2002.cellml#entity_6" />
<dcterms:description>volume of subspace</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
