- Author:
- Tommy Yu <tommy.yu@auckland.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2010-08-26 12:15:05+12:00
- Desc:
- xml:base fix
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/courtemanche_ramirez_nattel_1998/rawfile/78335420620450b2eab817577c0faf4450bbf8cb/courtemanche_ramirez_nattel_1998.cellml
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<!--
This CellML file was generated on 29/10/2007 at 15:10:29 using:
COR (0.9.31.801)
Copyright 2002-2007 Dr Alan Garny
http://COR.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - COR@physiol.ox.ac.uk
CellML 1.0 was used to generate this cellular model
http://www.CellML.org/
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<title>Mathematical Model Of A Human Atrial Action Potential, 1998</title>
<author>
<firstname>Noble</firstname>
<surname>Penny</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Oxford University</shortaffil>
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<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
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This model has been validated by Penny Noble of Oxford University and is known to run in COR and PCEnv.
</para>
<para>
ValidateCellML verifies this model as valid CellML, but detects unit inconsistencies.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
The ionic mechanisms underlying many important properties of the human atrial action potential are poorly understood. Using specific formulations of the K<superscript>+</superscript>, Na<superscript>+</superscript> and Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> currents based on experimental data recorded from human atrial myocytes, along with representations of pump, exchange and background currents, Marc Courtemanche, Rafael J. Ramirez and Stanley Nattel developed a mathematical model of the action potential (see the figure below).
</para>
<para>
This mathematical model builds mostly on the classical work of Luo and Rudy (see The Luo-Rudy Ventricular Model II (dynamic), 1994). Courtemanche <emphasis>et al</emphasis> effectively develop a working model of the human atrial action potential from the Luo-Rudy model which is based on guinea pig ventricular cells. Their primary goal was to develop a useful model of the action potential from which they could gain insights into experimental observations made on human atrial cells and tissues and make predictions regarding the behaviour of these cells under previously untested conditions
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
Ionic mechanisms underlying human atrial action potential properties: insights from a mathematical model, Marc Courtemanche, Rafael J. Ramirez and Stanley Nattel, 1998,
<emphasis>American Journal of Physiology</emphasis>
, 275, H301-H321. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9688927&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 9688927</ulink>
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<caption>A schematic representation of currents, pumps and exchangers included in the model. The cell includes three intracellular compartments: cytoplasm, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) release compartment [junctional SR (JSR)], and SR uptake compartment [network SR (NSR)].</caption>
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<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.3</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_millivolt">2.535<sep/>-7</cn>
</apply>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">32</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>j_inf</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>alpha_j</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_j</ci>
<ci>beta_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_j</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_j</ci>
<ci>beta_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>j</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>j_inf</ci>
<ci>j</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="time_independent_potassium_current">
<variable cmeta:id="time_independent_potassium_current_i_K1" name="i_K1" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="out" units="millivolt"/>
<variable initial_value="0.09" name="g_K1" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="K_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_mole_kelvin"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
<variable name="K_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>E_K</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>K_o</ci>
<ci>K_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_K1</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_K1</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.07</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">80</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="transient_outward_K_current_i_to" name="i_to" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="3" name="K_Q10" private_interface="out" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.1652" name="g_to" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="oa" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="oi" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_to</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_to</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>oa</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>oi</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_K_current_oa_gate">
<variable initial_value="3.043e-2" name="oa" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_oa" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_oa" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_oa" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="oa_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="K_Q10" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_oa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.65</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">59</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_oa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.65</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2.5</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">72</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_oa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_oa</ci>
<ci>beta_oa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>K_Q10</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>oa_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10.47</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17.54</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>oa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>oa_infinity</ci>
<ci>oa</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_oa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_K_current_oi_gate">
<variable initial_value="9.992e-1" name="oi" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_oi" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_oi" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_oi" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="oi_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="K_Q10" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_oi</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">18.53</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">103.7</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10.95</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_oi</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">35.56</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8.74</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.44</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_oi</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_oi</ci>
<ci>beta_oi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>K_Q10</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>oi_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">33.1</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>oi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>oi_infinity</ci>
<ci>oi</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_oi</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_i_Kur" name="i_Kur" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="g_Kur" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="K_Q10" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="ua" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="ui" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>g_Kur</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="nanoS_per_picoF">0.005</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="nanoS_per_picoF">0.05</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">13</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Kur</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Kur</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>ua</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>ui</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ua_gate">
<variable initial_value="4.966e-3" name="ua" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_ua" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_ua" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_ua" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="ua_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="K_Q10" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_ua</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.65</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">59</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_ua</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.65</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2.5</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">72</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_ua</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_ua</ci>
<ci>beta_ua</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>K_Q10</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ua_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">20.3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">9.6</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>ua</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ua_infinity</ci>
<ci>ua</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_ua</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ui_gate">
<variable initial_value="9.986e-1" name="ui" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_ui" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_ui" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_ui" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="ui_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="K_Q10" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_ui</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">21</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">195</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">28</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_ui</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">168</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">16</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_ui</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_ui</ci>
<ci>beta_ui</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>K_Q10</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ui_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">109.45</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">27.48</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>ui</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ui_infinity</ci>
<ci>ui</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_ui</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_i_Kr" name="i_Kr" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.029411765" name="g_Kr" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="xr" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Kr</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Kr</ci>
<ci>xr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">15</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">22.4</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xr_gate">
<variable initial_value="3.296e-5" name="xr" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_xr" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_xr" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_xr" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="xr_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_xr</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.0015</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">14.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.0003</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">14.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">14.1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_xr</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_millisecond">3.7836118<sep/>-4</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">3.3328</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.000073898</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">3.3328</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">3.3328</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5.1237</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_xr</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_xr</ci>
<ci>beta_xr</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>xr_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">14.1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>xr</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>xr_infinity</ci>
<ci>xr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_xr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<variable cmeta:id="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current_i_Ks" name="i_Ks" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.12941176" name="g_Ks" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="xs" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Ks</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Ks</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>xs</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xs_gate">
<variable initial_value="1.869e-2" name="xs" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="alpha_xs" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="beta_xs" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="tau_xs" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="xs_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>alpha_xs</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.00068</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.00004</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>beta_xs</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millisecond">0.000315</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.000035</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_xs</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.5</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>alpha_xs</ci>
<ci>beta_xs</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>xs_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">19.9</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">12.7</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>xs</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>xs_infinity</ci>
<ci>xs</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_xs</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel">
<variable cmeta:id="L_type_Ca_channel_i_Ca_L" name="i_Ca_L" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.12375" name="g_Ca_L" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="d" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="f" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="f_Ca" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_Ca_L</ci>
<ci>d</ci>
<ci>f</ci>
<ci>f_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">65</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate">
<variable initial_value="1.367e-4" name="d" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="d_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_d" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>d_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_d</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">4.579</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond">0.035</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.24</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>d</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>d_infinity</ci>
<ci>d</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_d</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate">
<variable initial_value="9.996e-1" name="f" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="f_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_f" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>f_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">28</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">28</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">6.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_f</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">9</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0197</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">0.0337</cn>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">10</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>f</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>f_infinity</ci>
<ci>f</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_f</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate">
<variable initial_value="7.755e-1" name="f_Ca" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="f_Ca_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_f_Ca" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>f_Ca_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar">0.00035</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_f_Ca</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">2</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>f_Ca</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>f_Ca_infinity</ci>
<ci>f_Ca</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_f_Ca</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
<variable cmeta:id="sodium_potassium_pump_i_NaK" name="i_NaK" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="10" name="Km_Na_i" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.5" name="Km_K_o" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.59933874" name="i_NaK_max" units="picoA_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="f_NaK" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="sigma" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="K_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_mole_kelvin"/>
<variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>sigma</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">7</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar">67.3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>f_NaK</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1245</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0365</cn>
<ci>sigma</ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_NaK</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>i_NaK_max</ci>
<ci>f_NaK</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Km_Na_i</ci>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>K_o</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>K_o</ci>
<ci>Km_K_o</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="background_currents">
<variable cmeta:id="background_currents_i_B_Na" name="i_B_Na" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable cmeta:id="background_currents_i_B_Ca" name="i_B_Ca" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_B_K" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0006744375" name="g_B_Na" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="0.001131" name="g_B_Ca" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="0" name="g_B_K" units="nanoS_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="E_Ca" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_K" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="E_Na" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_mole_kelvin"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>E_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Ca_o</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_B_Na</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_B_Na</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_Na</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_B_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_B_Ca</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_Ca</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_B_K</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>g_B_K</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>E_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Na_Ca_exchanger_current">
<variable cmeta:id="Na_Ca_exchanger_current_i_NaCa" name="i_NaCa" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="1600" name="I_NaCa_max" units="picoA_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable initial_value="87.5" name="K_mNa" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.38" name="K_mCa" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.1" name="K_sat" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="0.35" name="gamma" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="R" public_interface="in" units="joule_per_mole_kelvin"/>
<variable name="T" public_interface="in" units="kelvin"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<variable name="Na_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Na_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_o" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>I_NaCa_max</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>gamma</ci>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>Ca_o</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>gamma</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>F</ci>
<ci>V</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>K_mNa</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>Na_o</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>K_mCa</ci>
<ci>Ca_o</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>K_sat</ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>gamma</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>V</ci>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>R</ci>
<ci>T</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current">
<variable cmeta:id="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current_i_CaP" name="i_CaP" public_interface="out" units="picoA"/>
<variable initial_value="0.275" name="i_CaP_max" units="picoA_per_picoF"/>
<variable name="Cm" public_interface="in" units="picoF"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_CaP</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Cm</ci>
<ci>i_CaP_max</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millimolar">0.0005</cn>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_release_current_from_JSR">
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_i_rel" name="i_rel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="Fn" private_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable initial_value="30" name="K_rel" units="per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="V_rel" public_interface="in" units="micrometre_3"/>
<variable name="time" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="V" private_interface="out" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="i_Ca_L" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<variable name="u" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="v" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="w" private_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Fn</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millisecond_per_millimolar">1<sep/>3</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_micrometre_3">1<sep/>-15</cn>
<ci>V_rel</ci>
<ci>i_rel</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_micrometre_3">1<sep/>-15</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.5</cn>
<ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_rel</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>K_rel</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>u</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<ci>v</ci>
<ci>w</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_u_gate">
<variable initial_value="2.35e-112" name="u" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_u" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="u_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Fn" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_u</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">8</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>u_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Fn</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">3.4175<sep/>-13</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">13.67<sep/>-16</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>u</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>u_infinity</ci>
<ci>u</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_u</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_v_gate">
<variable initial_value="1" name="v" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_v" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="v_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Fn" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_v</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">1.91</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">2.09</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Fn</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">3.4175<sep/>-13</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">13.67<sep/>-16</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>v_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Fn</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">6.835<sep/>-14</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">13.67<sep/>-16</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>v</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>v_infinity</ci>
<ci>v</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_v</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_w_gate">
<variable initial_value="0.9992" name="w" public_interface="out" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="tau_w" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="w_infinity" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="V" public_interface="in" units="millivolt"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tau_w</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">6</cn>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.2</cn>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt/>
<apply>
<abs/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" type="e-notation" cellml:units="millivolt">1<sep/>-10</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millisecond">6</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.3</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="per_millivolt">1</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">7.9</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>w_infinity</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">40</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="millivolt">17</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>w</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>w_infinity</ci>
<ci>w</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_w</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transfer_current_from_NSR_to_JSR">
<variable cmeta:id="transfer_current_from_NSR_to_JSR_i_tr" name="i_tr" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="180" name="tau_tr" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_tr</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_up</ci>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tau_tr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR">
<variable initial_value="0.005" name="I_up_max" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR_i_up" name="i_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="0.00092" name="K_up" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_up</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>I_up_max</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>K_up</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR">
<variable cmeta:id="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR_i_up_leak" name="i_up_leak" public_interface="out" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable initial_value="15" name="Ca_up_max" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="I_up_max" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>i_up_leak</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>I_up_max</ci>
<ci>Ca_up</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Ca_up_max</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_buffers">
<variable initial_value="0.05" name="CMDN_max" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.07" name="TRPN_max" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="10" name="CSQN_max" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.00238" name="Km_CMDN" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.0005" name="Km_TRPN" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="0.8" name="Km_CSQN" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_CMDN" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_TRPN" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_CSQN" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Ca_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Ca_CMDN</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CMDN_max</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<ci>Km_CMDN</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Ca_TRPN</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>TRPN_max</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<ci>Km_TRPN</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Ca_CSQN</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CSQN_max</ci>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
<ci>Km_CSQN</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="intracellular_ion_concentrations">
<variable initial_value="1.117e+01" name="Na_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.013e-4" name="Ca_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.39e+02" name="K_i" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.488" name="Ca_rel" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.488" name="Ca_up" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="20100" name="V_cell" units="micrometre_3"/>
<variable name="V_i" units="micrometre_3"/>
<variable name="V_rel" public_interface="out" units="micrometre_3"/>
<variable name="V_up" units="micrometre_3"/>
<variable name="B1" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="B2" units="dimensionless"/>
<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="millisecond"/>
<variable name="F" public_interface="in" units="coulomb_per_millimole"/>
<variable name="i_NaK" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_NaCa" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_B_Na" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_Na" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_K1" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_to" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_Kur" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_Kr" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_Ks" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_CaP" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_Ca_L" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_B_Ca" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_B_K" public_interface="in" units="picoA"/>
<variable name="i_up" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="i_up_leak" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="i_tr" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="i_rel" public_interface="in" units="millimolar_per_millisecond"/>
<variable name="Km_CMDN" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Km_CSQN" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="Km_TRPN" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="CMDN_max" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="CSQN_max" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<variable name="TRPN_max" public_interface="in" units="millimolar"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_i</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.68</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_rel</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0048</cn>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>V_up</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0552</cn>
<ci>V_cell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>i_NaK</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
</apply>
<ci>i_B_Na</ci>
<ci>i_Na</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_i</ci>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>K_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>i_NaK</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>i_K1</ci>
<ci>i_to</ci>
<ci>i_Kur</ci>
<ci>i_Kr</ci>
<ci>i_Ks</ci>
<ci>i_B_K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_i</ci>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>B1</ci>
<ci>B2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>B1</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>i_NaCa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>i_CaP</ci>
<ci>i_Ca_L</ci>
<ci>i_B_Ca</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>V_i</ci>
<ci>F</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>V_up</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>i_up_leak</ci>
<ci>i_up</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>i_rel</ci>
<ci>V_rel</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>V_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>B2</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>TRPN_max</ci>
<ci>Km_TRPN</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<ci>Km_TRPN</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CMDN_max</ci>
<ci>Km_CMDN</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<ci>Km_CMDN</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_up</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>i_up</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>i_up_leak</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>i_tr</ci>
<ci>V_rel</ci>
</apply>
<ci>V_up</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>i_tr</ci>
<ci>i_rel</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>CSQN_max</ci>
<ci>Km_CSQN</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ca_rel</ci>
<ci>Km_CSQN</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="standard_ionic_concentrations">
<variable initial_value="140" name="Na_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="1.8" name="Ca_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
<variable initial_value="5.4" name="K_o" public_interface="out" units="millimolar"/>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current_oa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current_oi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ua_gate"/>
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ui_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="background_currents"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Ca_exchanger_current"/>
<component_ref component="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR">
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_u_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_v_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_w_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transfer_current_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_buffers"/>
<component_ref component="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current_oa_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_K_current_oi_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ua_gate"/>
<component_ref component="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ui_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current">
<component_ref component="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel">
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR">
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_u_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_v_gate"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_w_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="transient_outward_K_current" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="environment"/>
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</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_release_current_from_JSR" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="transfer_current_from_NSR_to_JSR" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_buffers" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Na" variable_2="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="time_independent_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_K1" variable_2="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_to" variable_2="i_to"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Kur" variable_2="i_Kur"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Kr" variable_2="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ks" variable_2="i_Ks"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_L" variable_2="i_Ca_L"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaK" variable_2="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_B_Ca" variable_2="i_B_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_B_Na" variable_2="i_B_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="Na_Ca_exchanger_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="R" variable_2="R"/>
<map_variables variable_1="T" variable_2="T"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_CaP" variable_2="i_CaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cm" variable_2="Cm"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_release_current_from_JSR" component_2="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="membrane" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="F" variable_2="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Na" variable_2="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_i" variable_2="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_Na" variable_2="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_K1" variable_2="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_i" variable_2="K_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_o" variable_2="K_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="background_currents"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_independent_potassium_current" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="E_K" variable_2="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_Q10" variable_2="K_Q10"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Kur" variable_2="i_Kur"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Kr" variable_2="i_Kr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ks" variable_2="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_2="transient_outward_K_current"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_to" variable_2="i_to"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_L" variable_2="i_Ca_L"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_Ca_L" variable_2="i_Ca_L"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="sodium_potassium_pump" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_i" variable_2="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaK" variable_2="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="sodium_potassium_pump" component_2="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_o" variable_2="K_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="background_currents" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_B_Ca" variable_2="i_B_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_B_Na" variable_2="i_B_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_B_K" variable_2="i_B_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="background_currents" component_2="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_o" variable_2="Ca_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_i" variable_2="Na_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger_current" component_2="standard_ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_o" variable_2="Ca_o"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_o" variable_2="Na_o"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger_current" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_NaCa" variable_2="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="sarcolemmal_calcium_pump_current" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_CaP" variable_2="i_CaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_rel" variable_2="i_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_rel" variable_2="Ca_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_rel" variable_2="V_rel"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_2="transfer_current_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="i_tr" variable_2="i_tr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_up" variable_2="Ca_up"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_rel" variable_2="Ca_rel"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="intracellular_ion_concentrations" component_2="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR"/>
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</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR" component_2="Ca_uptake_current_by_the_NSR"/>
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</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_leak_current_by_the_NSR" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_buffers" component_2="intracellular_ion_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="CMDN_max" variable_2="CMDN_max"/>
<map_variables variable_1="CSQN_max" variable_2="CSQN_max"/>
<map_variables variable_1="TRPN_max" variable_2="TRPN_max"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Km_CMDN" variable_2="Km_CMDN"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Km_CSQN" variable_2="Km_CSQN"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Km_TRPN" variable_2="Km_TRPN"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_rel" variable_2="Ca_rel"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
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<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
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<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
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</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="fast_sodium_current" component_2="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="j" variable_2="j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_d_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="d" variable_2="d"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="f" variable_2="f"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="L_type_Ca_channel_f_Ca_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="f_Ca" variable_2="f_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="transient_outward_K_current" component_2="transient_outward_K_current_oa_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="oa" variable_2="oa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_Q10" variable_2="K_Q10"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="transient_outward_K_current" component_2="transient_outward_K_current_oi_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="oi" variable_2="oi"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_Q10" variable_2="K_Q10"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ua_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ua" variable_2="ua"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_Q10" variable_2="K_Q10"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ui_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ui" variable_2="ui"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_Q10" variable_2="K_Q10"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="rapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xr_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="xr" variable_2="xr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current" component_2="slow_delayed_rectifier_K_current_xs_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="xs" variable_2="xs"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_release_current_from_JSR" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_u_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="u" variable_2="u"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fn" variable_2="Fn"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_release_current_from_JSR" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_v_gate"/>
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<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fn" variable_2="Fn"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="Ca_release_current_from_JSR" component_2="Ca_release_current_from_JSR_w_gate"/>
<map_variables variable_1="w" variable_2="w"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V" variable_2="V"/>
</connection>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Bag rdf:about="rdf:#c2a07f2b-dfbd-4b49-b1ad-0703047b335a">
<rdf:li>atrial myocyte</rdf:li>
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<rdf:value>This model has been validated by Penny Noble of Oxford University.</rdf:value>
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<dc:publisher xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford</dc:publisher>
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<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Autumn</vCard:Given>
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<cmeta:bio_entity>Atrial Myocyte</cmeta:bio_entity>
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<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Courtemanche et al's 1998 Mathematical Model of the Ionic Mechanisms
Underlying Human Atrial Acton Potential Properties.</dc:title>
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<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#1072f6d1-ef91-4331-8b47-158a39ba7e05"/>
<rdf:value>Units checked and curated.</rdf:value>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2006-09-27T13:25:00+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<vCard:Orgname xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Oxford University</vCard:Orgname>
<vCard:Orgunit xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics</vCard:Orgunit>
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<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">J</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:value>Changed the name and cmeta:id of the model to reflect the proper
spelling of Courtemanche.</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#1e99682e-0cac-485c-8ace-c79bd0c8df4d"/>
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<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#93fcac22-4fa7-458c-8725-be579e70f90e"/>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-06-19T13:27:57+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f0ce794e-dd2b-45f6-8470-27b87b4806ca">
<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">American Journal of Physiology</dc:title>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-11-27T15:56:04+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<rdf:value>added cmeta:id's for some variables to allow referencing by a PCEnv session file</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#ed27bf5a-261a-4301-89c0-56381c60efa2"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9d60f44e-c05e-45f9-80b1-944bac04cba7">
<vCard:FN xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James Lawson</vCard:FN>
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<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7bd9ca3a-65b8-45e8-b3ba-834178220c11">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Marc</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Courtemanche</vCard:Family>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#58b98bb9-4079-434c-9ff3-2d40caac4142">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
<rdf:value>penny.noble@dpag.ox.ac.uk</rdf:value>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f60237c9-bf14-4cfa-a6ce-ff5221d32ee1">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2007-12-19T13:21:11+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4b99bfb1-b157-4c60-80ad-9423ec5fcdf0">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a93197f3-50cf-46a9-9c94-68d234a393ba">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Rafael</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Ramirez</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">J</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b109bc2f-ca6e-4a24-9d1d-0601395b72cc">
<dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#b2f216b5-d815-4132-b519-ed2c9ae4d171"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ff8a53c3-4615-467b-b966-ebf8ed670f15">
<vCard:FN xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Catherine Lloyd</vCard:FN>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#62d3c703-8a13-4d22-91f7-6be9a591923e">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2006-09-27T00:00:00+00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#73a6806b-b868-4470-8743-7e38e1785664">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#e1c2f6ea-42d2-4d09-aaeb-fee67b33c31b"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#e92cc8d0-104b-4693-96c7-05db98ecafa0">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">1998-07</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#2f61bf11-2aea-4f39-a8d0-29e92da7c9db">
<dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#9d60f44e-c05e-45f9-80b1-944bac04cba7"/>
<rdf:value>This model has been validated by Penny Noble of Oxford University (v02 created from v01,) and is known to run in COR and PCEnv. A PCEnv session is also associated with this file.</rdf:value>
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<bqs:subject_type xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#">keyword</bqs:subject_type>
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<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#4b99bfb1-b157-4c60-80ad-9423ec5fcdf0"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#73e2ec8d-3a8c-4bb8-b64f-98346eb097af">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Catherine</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lloyd</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">May</vCard:Other>
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<dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#ff8a53c3-4615-467b-b966-ebf8ed670f15"/>
<rdf:value>This is the CellML description of Courtemanche et al's mathematical
model of the ionic mechanisms underlying human atrial action potential properties.</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#aa0c2756-d3f9-4557-a40e-cc1b379aa910">
<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#799f6ee1-e426-4f15-98eb-61ff3f925287"/>
<rdf:value>fixed e-notation errors,
updated curation status,
removed reference link in documentation</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#b2b278e7-50df-4ba2-8072-78291ad398f1"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b40f174b-f090-4ee6-aa99-a961a523706d">
<dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#abc4e63d-eb3d-4b76-ac0e-caa792430e9f"/>
<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Ionic mechanisms underlying human atrial action potential properties: insights from a mathematical model</dc:title>
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<bqs:first_page xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#">H301</bqs:first_page>
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<bqs:last_page xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#">H321</bqs:last_page>
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<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#a5211371-ffaf-4811-b369-9fdbfad03924"/>
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<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#7bd9ca3a-65b8-45e8-b3ba-834178220c11"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#93fcac22-4fa7-458c-8725-be579e70f90e">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f88cd459-f20f-4770-bb46-99fd2982e76e">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Penny</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Noble</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">J</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b40aadf2-77e6-4a22-b3df-285f7206db1f">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2003-06-04</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$79O35">
<ns7:endingValue xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">5000</ns7:endingValue>
<ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">100000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#77821e4d-9851-4731-b523-8130b3e000bb">
<vCard:ORG xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#e541a07c-bc0b-404d-b573-f1486f8a3b7f"/>
<vCard:EMAIL xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#58b98bb9-4079-434c-9ff3-2d40caac4142"/>
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#51c690e7-176f-4a4a-8671-ec016bf11100"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$59O35">
<ns7:boundIntervals xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#$69O35"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#799f6ee1-e426-4f15-98eb-61ff3f925287">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2009-06-08T13:24:53+12:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#9c41a790-c147-4542-b56d-c97a8490104f">
<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#b40aadf2-77e6-4a22-b3df-285f7206db1f"/>
<rdf:value>Corrected equations: alpha_j_calculation and beta_j_calculation in
fast_sodium_current_j_gate, oa_infinity_calculation in
transient_outward_K_current_oa_gate, alpha_ui_calculation in
ultrarapid_delayed_rectifier_K_current_ui_gate, i_Ca_L_calculation in
L_type_Ca_channel, and i_rel_calculation in
Ca_release_current_from_JSR.</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#f4ad66df-9c4c-44b3-a9f2-270a2b534ee4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#565c4fe6-cd24-4422-8007-cd8d49b1fbbe">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#f88cd459-f20f-4770-bb46-99fd2982e76e"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a5211371-ffaf-4811-b369-9fdbfad03924">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Stanley</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Nattel</vCard:Family>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8286b7a5-3770-4c4b-b95c-dadd88acdda7">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">2003-03-28</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#7c3e37c4-120f-44bb-91d1-978af4d66308">
<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#0e132f6d-817a-4e7c-a4a8-642806e4844d"/>
<rdf:value>Added cmeta:id's to several variables to allow creation of a PCEnv session file.</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#73a6806b-b868-4470-8743-7e38e1785664"/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
