- Author:
- Tommy Yu <tommy.yu@auckland.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2010-08-25 18:18:44+12:00
- Desc:
- xml:base fix
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/guyton_angiotensin_2008/rawfile/970b439f4e52894d8257e0a46d41a7b1b873c5a1/angiotensin.cellml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<model
name="angiotensin_model"
cmeta:id="angiotensin_model"
xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#"
xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#"
xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#angiotensin_model">
<rdf:value>
This section calculates the control functions of angiotensin, beginning with the
control of angiotensin formation by the kidneys in response to changes in the rate
of flow of fluid in the renal tubules at the macula densa (MDFLW), and extending
through a series of curve-fitting and sensitivity controlled equations to determine
the multiple feedback effects of angiotensin to control the various aspects of
circulatory function.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- ============================================= Import the required units from the Units file ==================================================== -->
<import xlink:href="units.cellml">
<units name="minute" units_ref="minute"/>
<units name="per_minute" units_ref="per_minute"/>
<units name="beats_per_minute" units_ref="beats_per_minute"/>
<units name="beats_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="beats_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="minute_per_L" units_ref="minute_per_L"/>
<units name="mmHg" units_ref="mmHg"/>
<units name="per_mmHg" units_ref="per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mmHg_per_mL" units_ref="mmHg_per_mL"/>
<units name="mmHg_L" units_ref="mmHg_L"/>
<units name="per_mmHg2" units_ref="per_mmHg2"/>
<units name="mmHg3" units_ref="mmHg3"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq" units_ref="monovalent_mEq"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_minute" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_minute"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_litre" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_litre"/>
<units name="mOsm" units_ref="mOsm"/>
<units name="mOsm_per_litre" units_ref="mOsm_per_litre"/>
<units name="mOsm_per_minute" units_ref="mOsm_per_minute"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_litre_per_minute" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_litre_per_minute"/>
<units name="litre2_per_monovalent_mEq_per_minute" units_ref="litre2_per_monovalent_mEq_per_minute"/>
<units name="L_per_minute" units_ref="L_per_minute"/>
<units name="per_mmHg_per_minute" units_ref="per_mmHg_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL" units_ref="mL"/>
<units name="gram_per_L" units_ref="gram_per_L"/>
<units name="L_mmHg_per_gram" units_ref="L_mmHg_per_gram"/>
<units name="L2_mmHg_per_gram2" units_ref="L2_mmHg_per_gram2"/>
<units name="mmHg_minute_per_L" units_ref="mmHg_minute_per_L"/>
<units name="mmHg_L_per_minute" units_ref="mmHg_L_per_minute"/>
<units name="gram_per_minute" units_ref="gram_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL_per_L" units_ref="mL_per_L"/>
<units name="mL_per_L_per_mmHg" units_ref="mL_per_L_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mL_per_L_per_minute" units_ref="mL_per_L_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="mL_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_mL_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_mL_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_per_mL" units_ref="L_per_mL"/>
<units name="L_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mL_per_minute" units_ref="mL_per_minute"/>
<units name="L_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_per_minute_per_mmHg2" units_ref="L_per_minute_per_mmHg2"/>
</import>
<!-- ===================================== Import all Parameters and State Variables from the Parameter file ============================================== -->
<import xlink:href="parameters.cellml">
<component component_ref="parameter_values" name="parameter_values"/>
<component component_ref="state_variables" name="state_variables"/>
</import>
<!-- ======================================== ANGIOTENSIN TOP-LEVEL COMPONENT ============================================= -->
<component name="angiotensin"
cmeta:id="angiotensin">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#angiotensin">
<rdf:value>
Encapsulation grouping component containing all the components in the Angiotensin Model. The inputs and
outputs of the Angiotensin Model must be passed by this component.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="out" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Inputs from components in other models -->
<variable name="MDFLW" units="L_per_minute" private_interface="out" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to components in other models -->
<variable cmeta:id="angiotensin_ANUVN" name="ANUVN" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" public_interface="out"/>
<variable cmeta:id="angiotensin_ANU" name="ANU" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" public_interface="out"/>
<variable cmeta:id="angiotensin_ANM" name="ANM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" public_interface="out"/>
</component>
<!-- OUTPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin" component_2="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANUVN" variable_2="ANUVN"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin" component_2="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANU" variable_2="ANU"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin" component_2="general_angiotensin_multiplier"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANM" variable_2="ANM"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== INSTANTANEOUS ANGIONTENSIN FORMATION ============================================= -->
<component name="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation"
cmeta:id="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#instantaneous_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:value>
AN1:
This block damps the variations in rate of fluid flow in the renal tubules at
the macula densa (MDFLW). The damped outflow is the variable MDFLW3.
NB - REMOVED DAMPING FORM AN1!!!!
AN2:
This block calculates the formation rate of angiotensin (ANGSCR) at different
levels of MDFLW3.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN1">
<rdf:value>
AN1:
This block damps the variations in rate of fluid flow in the renal tubules at
the macula densa (MDFLW). The damped outflow is the variable MDFLW3.
NB - REMOVED DAMPING FORM AN1!!!!
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN2">
<rdf:value>
AN2:
This block calculates the formation rate of angiotensin (ANGSCR) at different
levels of MDFLW3.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="MDFLW" units="L_per_minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANGSCR" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable name="MDFLW3" units="L_per_minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="none"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN1">
<eq/>
<ci>MDFLW3</ci>
<ci>MDFLW</ci>
</apply>
<apply id="AN2">
<eq/>
<ci>ANGSCR</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>MDFLW3</ci>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">72</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<gt/>
<ci>MDFLW3</ci>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">10</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">9</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="L_per_minute">1</cn>
<ci>MDFLW3</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation" component_2="angiotensin"/>
<map_variables variable_1="MDFLW" variable_2="MDFLW"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== TIME-DELAYED ANGIOTENSIN FORMATION ============================================= -->
<component name="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation"
cmeta:id="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#time_delayed_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:value>
AN4, AN5, AN6, AN7, and AN8:
Calculation of additional formation of angiotensin caused after a long-term delay.
That is, when the JG cells are stimulated over long periods of time, in addition to
their acute effects on secretion rate of renin and subsequent formation of angiotensin,
there is a long-term increase in numbers of active JG cells to give a long-term delayed
response over a period of days. The variable ANXM adjusts the magnitude of this
delayed response. ANX is the total response without regard to the time delay. ANV is
the time-constant of the time delay. ANX1 is the total extra secretion after factoring
in the time delay effects of blocks 6, 7, and 8.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN4_and_AN5">
<rdf:value>
AN4, AN5, AN6, AN7, and AN8:
Calculation of additional formation of angiotensin caused after a long-term delay.
That is, when the JG cells are stimulated over long periods of time, in addition to
their acute effects on secretion rate of renin and subsequent formation of angiotensin,
there is a long-term increase in numbers of active JG cells to give a long-term delayed
response over a period of days. The variable ANXM adjusts the magnitude of this
delayed response. ANX is the total response without regard to the time delay. ANV is
the time-constant of the time delay. ANX1 is the total extra secretion after factoring
in the time delay effects of blocks 6, 7, and 8.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN6_to_AN8">
<rdf:value>
AN4, AN5, AN6, AN7, and AN8:
Calculation of additional formation of angiotensin caused after a long-term delay.
That is, when the JG cells are stimulated over long periods of time, in addition to
their acute effects on secretion rate of renin and subsequent formation of angiotensin,
there is a long-term increase in numbers of active JG cells to give a long-term delayed
response over a period of days. The variable ANXM adjusts the magnitude of this
delayed response. ANX is the total response without regard to the time delay. ANV is
the time-constant of the time delay. ANX1 is the total extra secretion after factoring
in the time delay effects of blocks 6, 7, and 8.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANGSCR" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANX1_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANX1" initial_value="ANX1_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANXM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANV" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable name="ANX" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="none"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN4_and_AN5">
<eq/>
<ci>ANX</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANGSCR</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>ANXM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="AN6_to_AN8">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>ANX1</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANX</ci>
<ci>ANX1</ci>
</apply>
<ci>ANV</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- STATE VARIABLES INITIAL VALUE -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation" component_2="state_variables"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANX1_init" variable_2="ANX1_init"/>
</connection>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation" component_2="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANGSCR" variable_2="ANGSCR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation" component_2="angiotensin"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANXM" variable_2="ANXM"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANV" variable_2="ANV"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== TOTAL ANGIOTENSIN FORMATION ============================================= -->
<component name="total_angiotensin_formation"
cmeta:id="total_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#total_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:value>
AN9:
Summation of instantaneous formation of angiotensin (ANGSCR) plus the time delayed
formation of angiotensin (ANX1).
AN10:
Calculation of the total rate of formation of angiotensin (ANPR) in case some of
the renal mass (and therefore some of the JG cells) has been removed or destroyed.
Factor REK is equal to the proportion of kidney mass that is still functional.
AN11:
This sets the lower limit of ANPR to a very low level, almost zero, below which
this cannot fall. The reason for this is to prevent a negative value from appearing.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN9_and_AN10">
<rdf:value>
AN9:
Summation of instantaneous formation of angiotensin (ANGSCR) plus the time delayed
formation of angiotensin (ANX1).
AN10:
Calculation of the total rate of formation of angiotensin (ANPR) in case some of
the renal mass (and therefore some of the JG cells) has been removed or destroyed.
Factor REK is equal to the proportion of kidney mass that is still functional.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN11">
<rdf:value>
AN11:
This sets the lower limit of ANPR to a very low level, almost zero, below which
this cannot fall. The reason for this is to prevent a negative value from appearing.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANGSCR" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANX1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANPR" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="REK" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable name="ANPRT" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="none"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN9_and_AN10">
<eq/>
<ci>ANPRT</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>ANGSCR</ci>
<ci>ANX1</ci>
</apply>
<ci>REK</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="AN11">
<eq/>
<ci>ANPR</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.00001</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci>ANPRT</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.00001</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>ANPRT</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="total_angiotensin_formation" component_2="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANGSCR" variable_2="ANGSCR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="total_angiotensin_formation" component_2="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANX1" variable_2="ANX1"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="total_angiotensin_formation" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="REK" variable_2="REK"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== ARTIFICIAL ANGIOTENSIN FORMATION ============================================= -->
<component name="artificial_angiotensin_formation"
cmeta:id="artificial_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#artificial_angiotensin_formation">
<rdf:value>
AN11A:
This block allows the addition of infused angiotensin (ANGINF) to the amount of
angiotensin that is formed in the body (ANPR).
AN11B:
This block allows one to disregard all the previous blocks and to set the total
rate of angiotensin entering the circulatory system (ANPR1) to a constant level, ANGKNS.
When ANGKNS is equal to zero or less, then Block 11B is ineffective.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN11A_and_AN11B">
<rdf:value>
AN11A:
This block allows the addition of infused angiotensin (ANGINF) to the amount of
angiotensin that is formed in the body (ANPR).
AN11B:
This block allows one to disregard all the previous blocks and to set the total
rate of angiotensin entering the circulatory system (ANPR1) to a constant level, ANGKNS.
When ANGKNS is equal to zero or less, then Block 11B is ineffective.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANPR" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANPR1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANGKNS" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANGINF" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN11A_and_AN11B">
<eq/>
<ci>ANPR1</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>ANGKNS</ci>
<apply>
<gt/>
<ci>ANGKNS</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>ANPR</ci>
<ci>ANGINF</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="artificial_angiotensin_formation" component_2="total_angiotensin_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANPR" variable_2="ANPR"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="artificial_angiotensin_formation" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANGKNS" variable_2="ANGKNS"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANGINF" variable_2="ANGINF"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== ANGIOTENSIN CONCENTRATION ============================================= -->
<component name="angiotensin_concentration"
cmeta:id="angiotensin_concentration">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#angiotensin_concentration">
<rdf:value>
AN12, AN13, and AN14:
These blocks convert the rate of entry of angiotensin into the body fluids (ANPR1),
into the concentration of angiotensin (ANC) considering the normal value to be the
numeral 1. The value ANT is the time constant for rate of change of angiotensin
concentration in the body fluids. The value Z12 is a damping coefficient to allow
damping of this conversion so that the model can be run faster for long-term simulations.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN12_to_AN14">
<rdf:value>
AN12, AN13, and AN14:
These blocks convert the rate of entry of angiotensin into the body fluids (ANPR1),
into the concentration of angiotensin (ANC) considering the normal value to be the
numeral 1. The value ANT is the time constant for rate of change of angiotensin
concentration in the body fluids. The value Z12 is a damping coefficient to allow
damping of this conversion so that the model can be run faster for long-term simulations.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANPR1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANC_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANC" initial_value="ANC_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANT" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN12_to_AN14">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>ANC</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANPR1</ci>
<ci>ANC</ci>
</apply>
<ci>ANT</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- STATE VARIABLES INITIAL VALUE -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_concentration" component_2="state_variables"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANC_init" variable_2="ANC_init"/>
</connection>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_concentration" component_2="artificial_angiotensin_formation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANPR1" variable_2="ANPR1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_concentration" component_2="angiotensin"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_concentration" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANT" variable_2="ANT"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== GENERAL ANGIOTENSIN MULTIPLIER ============================================= -->
<component name="general_angiotensin_multiplier"
cmeta:id="general_angiotensin_multiplier">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#general_angiotensin_multiplier">
<rdf:value>
AN15:
This is an equation that allows one to convert the concentration of angiotensin (ANC)
into an angiotensin multiplier (ANM) which describes the multiplicative effect of
angiotensin on various physiological functions, assuming the normal value of ANM
to be 1.0. The value ANMUL is the upper limit to the level of ANM. ANMLL is the
lower limit of ANM. And the value ANCSNS is a sensitivity value for adjusting the
quantitative effect of ANC on ANM.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN15">
<rdf:value>
AN15:
This is an equation that allows one to convert the concentration of angiotensin (ANC)
into an angiotensin multiplier (ANM) which describes the multiplicative effect of
angiotensin on various physiological functions, assuming the normal value of ANM
to be 1.0. The value ANMUL is the upper limit to the level of ANM. ANMLL is the
lower limit of ANM. And the value ANCSNS is a sensitivity value for adjusting the
quantitative effect of ANC on ANM.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANC" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="ANM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- <variable cmeta:id="general_angiotensin_multiplier_ANM"
name="ANM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/> -->
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANMUL" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANMLL" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANCSNS" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN15">
<eq/>
<ci>ANM</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANMUL</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANMUL</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANMLL</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANMLL</ci>
<ci>ANMUL</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANC</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>ANCSNS</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="general_angiotensin_multiplier" component_2="angiotensin_concentration"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANC" variable_2="ANC"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="general_angiotensin_multiplier" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANMUL" variable_2="ANMUL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANMLL" variable_2="ANMLL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANCSNS" variable_2="ANCSNS"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== ANGIOTENSIN EFFECT ON CIRCULATION ============================================= -->
<component name="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation"
cmeta:id="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#angiotensin_effect_on_circulation">
<rdf:value>
AN16, AN17, and AN18:
These blocks are a sensitivity controller for converting the basic effect of the
angiotensin multiplier (ANM) on other functional systems of the circulation (ANU).
The sensitivity adjustment is the factor ANUM in Block 17.
AN19:
This block sets the lower limit to which ANU can fall (ANULL).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN16_to_AN18">
<rdf:value>
AN16, AN17, and AN18:
These blocks are a sensitivity controller for converting the basic effect of the
angiotensin multiplier (ANM) on other functional systems of the circulation (ANU).
The sensitivity adjustment is the factor ANUM in Block 17.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN19">
<rdf:value>
AN19:
This block sets the lower limit to which ANU can fall (ANULL).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<!-- <variable cmeta:id="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation_ANU"
name="ANU" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/> -->
<variable name="ANU" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANUM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ANULL" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable name="ANU1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="none"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN16_to_AN18">
<eq/>
<ci>ANU1</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANM</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>ANUM</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="AN19">
<eq/>
<ci>ANU</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>ANULL</ci>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci>ANU1</ci>
<ci>ANULL</ci>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>ANU1</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation" component_2="general_angiotensin_multiplier"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANM" variable_2="ANM"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANUM" variable_2="ANUM"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANULL" variable_2="ANULL"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== ANGIOTENSIN EFFECT ON VENOUS CONSTRICTION ============================================= -->
<component name="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction"
cmeta:id="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction">
<rdf:value>
AN20, AN21, and AN22:
Calculation of the effect of angiotensin on venous constriction (ANUVN), with
sensitivity controlled by ANUVM in Block 21.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#AN20_to_AN22">
<rdf:value>
AN20, AN21, and AN22:
Calculation of the effect of angiotensin on venous constriction (ANUVN), with
sensitivity controlled by ANUVM in Block 21.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="ANU" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<!-- <variable cmeta:id="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction_ANUVN"
name="ANUVN" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/> -->
<variable name="ANUVN" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="ANUVM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="AN20_to_AN22">
<eq/>
<ci>ANUVN</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ANU</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>ANUVM</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction" component_2="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANU" variable_2="ANU"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ANUVM" variable_2="ANUVM"/>
</connection>
<!-- ============================================================ GROUPING =============================================================== -->
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin">
<component_ref component="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="total_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="artificial_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_concentration"/>
<component_ref component="general_angiotensin_multiplier"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin">
<component_ref component="parameter_values"/>
<component_ref component="state_variables"/>
<component_ref component="instantaneous_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="time_delayed_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="total_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="artificial_angiotensin_formation"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_concentration"/>
<component_ref component="general_angiotensin_multiplier"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_effect_on_circulation"/>
<component_ref component="angiotensin_effect_on_venous_constriction"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
</model>
