- Author:
- Tommy Yu <tommy.yu@auckland.ac.nz>
- Date:
- 2010-08-25 18:18:59+12:00
- Desc:
- xml:base fix
- Permanent Source URI:
- https://models.cellml.org/workspace/guyton_muscle_blood_flow_control_2008/rawfile/5a07162463bdebd9580b8a398465914de9c40fb2/M_blood_flow.cellml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<model
name="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control_model"
cmeta:id="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control_model"
xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#"
xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#"
xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control_model">
<rdf:value>
The circulatory system is divided into three separate parts for blood flow control:
(1) the kidneys which are presented in an entirely separate section of this model;
(2) non-muscle local blood flow control; and (3) muscle local blood flow control.
Muscle Autoregulatory Local Blood Flow Control
Autoregulation in the muscles is similar to that in the non-muscle tissues except
that only two parallel autoregulatory circuits are given. One of these is an
extremely short-term autoregulatory circuit that allows rapid adjustment of muscle
blood flow to muscle metabolism during muscle activity, and the other is a very
long-term autoregulatory circuit.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- ============================================= Import the required units from the Units file ==================================================== -->
<import xlink:href="units.cellml">
<units name="minute" units_ref="minute"/>
<units name="per_minute" units_ref="per_minute"/>
<units name="beats_per_minute" units_ref="beats_per_minute"/>
<units name="beats_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="beats_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="minute_per_L" units_ref="minute_per_L"/>
<units name="mmHg" units_ref="mmHg"/>
<units name="per_mmHg" units_ref="per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mmHg_per_mL" units_ref="mmHg_per_mL"/>
<units name="mmHg_L" units_ref="mmHg_L"/>
<units name="per_mmHg2" units_ref="per_mmHg2"/>
<units name="mmHg3" units_ref="mmHg3"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq" units_ref="monovalent_mEq"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_minute" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_minute"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_litre" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_litre"/>
<units name="mOsm" units_ref="mOsm"/>
<units name="mOsm_per_litre" units_ref="mOsm_per_litre"/>
<units name="mOsm_per_minute" units_ref="mOsm_per_minute"/>
<units name="monovalent_mEq_per_litre_per_minute" units_ref="monovalent_mEq_per_litre_per_minute"/>
<units name="litre2_per_monovalent_mEq_per_minute" units_ref="litre2_per_monovalent_mEq_per_minute"/>
<units name="L_per_minute" units_ref="L_per_minute"/>
<units name="per_mmHg_per_minute" units_ref="per_mmHg_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL" units_ref="mL"/>
<units name="gram_per_L" units_ref="gram_per_L"/>
<units name="L_mmHg_per_gram" units_ref="L_mmHg_per_gram"/>
<units name="L2_mmHg_per_gram2" units_ref="L2_mmHg_per_gram2"/>
<units name="mmHg_minute_per_L" units_ref="mmHg_minute_per_L"/>
<units name="mmHg_L_per_minute" units_ref="mmHg_L_per_minute"/>
<units name="gram_per_minute" units_ref="gram_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL_per_L" units_ref="mL_per_L"/>
<units name="mL_per_L_per_mmHg" units_ref="mL_per_L_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mL_per_L_per_minute" units_ref="mL_per_L_per_minute"/>
<units name="mL_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="mL_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_mL_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_mL_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_per_mL" units_ref="L_per_mL"/>
<units name="L_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="mL_per_minute" units_ref="mL_per_minute"/>
<units name="L_per_minute_per_mmHg" units_ref="L_per_minute_per_mmHg"/>
<units name="L_per_minute_per_mmHg2" units_ref="L_per_minute_per_mmHg2"/>
</import>
<!-- ===================================== Import all Parameters and State Variables from the Parameter file ============================================== -->
<import xlink:href="parameters.cellml">
<component component_ref="parameter_values" name="parameter_values"/>
<component component_ref="state_variables" name="state_variables"/>
</import>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE AUTOREGULATORY LOCAL BLOOD FLOW CONTROL TOP-LEVEL COMPONENT ============================================= -->
<component name="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control"
cmeta:id="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control">
<rdf:value>
Encapsulation grouping component containing all the components in the Muscle Autoregulatory Local Blood
Flow Control Model. The inputs and outputs of the Muscle Autoregulatory Local Blood Flow Control Model
must be passed by this component.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="out" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Inputs from components in other models -->
<variable name="PMO" units="mmHg" private_interface="out" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to components in other models -->
<variable name="AMM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" public_interface="out"/>
</component>
<!-- OUTPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control" component_2="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM" variable_2="AMM"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE AUTOREGULATORY DRIVING FORCE ============================================= -->
<component name="M_autoregulatory_driving_force"
cmeta:id="M_autoregulatory_driving_force">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_autoregulatory_driving_force">
<rdf:value>
ARM1:
Calculation of the driving force for autoregulation in the muscles (PDO) by subtracting
a set-point value from the pressure of oxygen in the muscle tissues (PMO).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM1">
<rdf:value>
ARM1:
Calculation of the driving force for autoregulation in the muscles (PDO) by subtracting
a set-point value from the pressure of oxygen in the muscle tissues (PMO).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="PMO" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="PDO" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM1">
<eq/>
<ci>PDO</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>PMO</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mmHg">38</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_autoregulatory_driving_force" component_2="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control"/>
<map_variables variable_1="PMO" variable_2="PMO"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE SHORT-TERM AUTOREGULATION ============================================= -->
<component name="M_short_term_autoregulation"
cmeta:id="M_short_term_autoregulation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_short_term_autoregulation">
<rdf:value>
Containment grouping component for "M_ST_sensitivity_control" and "M_ST_time_delay_and_damping".
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</component>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE SHORT_TERM SENSITIVITY CONTROL ============================================= -->
<component name="M_ST_sensitivity_control"
cmeta:id="M_ST_sensitivity_control">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_ST_sensitivity_control">
<rdf:value>
ARM2 and ARM3:
Sensitivity control for the short-term muscle autoregulation, controlled by the
variable (POM), and the driving output oxygen pressure is the variable POE.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM2_and_ARM3">
<rdf:value>
ARM2 and ARM3:
Sensitivity control for the short-term muscle autoregulation, controlled by the
variable (POM), and the driving output oxygen pressure is the variable POE.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="PDO" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="POE" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="POM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM2_and_ARM3">
<eq/>
<ci>POE</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>PDO</ci>
<ci>POM</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mmHg">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_sensitivity_control" component_2="M_autoregulatory_driving_force"/>
<map_variables variable_1="PDO" variable_2="PDO"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_sensitivity_control" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="POM" variable_2="POM"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE SHORT-TERM TIME-DELAY AND LOWER LIMIT ============================================= -->
<component name="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit"
cmeta:id="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_ST_time_delay_and_limit">
<rdf:value>
ARM5, ARM6, and ARM7:
Time delay mechanism for the rapid autoregulation, allowing the output of
Block ARM7 (AMM1) to approach POE with a time constant of A4K.
ARM7A:
This sets a lower limit (AMM4) for the variable AMM1.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM5_to_ARM7">
<rdf:value>
ARM5, ARM6, and ARM7:
Time delay mechanism for the rapid autoregulation, allowing the output of
Block ARM7 (AMM1) to approach POE with a time constant of A4K.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM7A">
<rdf:value>
ARM7A:
This sets a lower limit (AMM4) for the variable AMM1.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="POE" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="AMM1T_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable cmeta:id="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit_AMM1"
name="AMM1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="A4K" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="AMM4" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="AMM1T" initial_value="AMM1T_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="none"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM5_to_ARM7">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>AMM1T</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>POE</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mmHg">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>AMM1T</ci>
</apply>
<ci>A4K</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="ARM7A">
<eq/>
<ci>AMM1</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<ci>AMM4</ci>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci>AMM1T</ci>
<ci>AMM4</ci>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>AMM1T</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- STATE VARIABLES INITIAL VALUE -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit" component_2="state_variables"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM1T_init" variable_2="AMM1T_init"/>
</connection>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit" component_2="M_ST_sensitivity_control"/>
<map_variables variable_1="POE" variable_2="POE"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit" component_2="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="A4K" variable_2="A4K"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM4" variable_2="AMM4"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE LONG-TERM AUTOREGULATION ============================================= -->
<component name="M_long_term_autoregulation"
cmeta:id="M_long_term_autoregulation">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_long_term_autoregulation">
<rdf:value>
Containment grouping component for "M_LT_sensitivity_control" and
"M_LT_time_delay".
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</component>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE LONG-TERM SENSITIVITY CONTROL ============================================= -->
<component name="M_LT_sensitivity_control"
cmeta:id="M_LT_sensitivity_control">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_LT_sensitivity_control">
<rdf:value>
ARM8:
Sensitivity control for controlling the long-term autoregulation in the muscles.
The variable that controls the sensitivity is POM2.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM8_and_part_ARM9">
<rdf:value>
ARM8:
Sensitivity control for controlling the long-term autoregulation in the muscles.
The variable that controls the sensitivity is POM2.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="PDO" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable name="POF" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="POM2" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM8_and_part_ARM9">
<eq/>
<ci>POF</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>POM2</ci>
<ci>PDO</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mmHg">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_sensitivity_control" component_2="M_autoregulatory_driving_force"/>
<map_variables variable_1="PDO" variable_2="PDO"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_sensitivity_control" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="POM2" variable_2="POM2"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE LONG-TERM TIME DELAY ============================================= -->
<component name="M_LT_time_delay"
cmeta:id="M_LT_time_delay">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_LT_time_delay">
<rdf:value>
ARM9, ARM10, and ARM11:
Time delay system for long-term autoregulation in muscle with a time constant
equal to A4K2 and an output of AMM2.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM9_cont_to_ARM11">
<rdf:value>
ARM9, ARM10, and ARM11:
Time delay system for long-term autoregulation in muscle with a time constant
equal to A4K2 and an output of AMM2.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="POF" units="mmHg" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="AMM2_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable cmeta:id="M_LT_time_delay_AMM2"
name="AMM2" initial_value="AMM2_init" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable name="A4K2" units="minute" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM9_cont_to_ARM11">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>AMM2</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>POF</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mmHg">1</cn>
</apply>
<ci>AMM2</ci>
</apply>
<ci>A4K2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- STATE VARIABLES INITIAL VALUE -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_time_delay" component_2="state_variables"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM2_init" variable_2="AMM2_init"/>
</connection>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_time_delay" component_2="M_LT_sensitivity_control"/>
<map_variables variable_1="POF" variable_2="POF"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_time_delay" component_2="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="M_LT_time_delay" component_2="parameter_values"/>
<map_variables variable_1="A4K2" variable_2="A4K2"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== GLOBAL MUSCLE BLOOD FLOW AUTOREGULATION OUTPUT ============================================= -->
<component name="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output"
cmeta:id="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output">
<rdf:value>
ARM12:
Multiplication of the outputs of the two parallel muscle autoregulatory
systems (AMM1 and AMM2) to given an overall multiplier factor for muscle
autoregulation (AMM) that in turn controls vascular resistance in the muscles.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#ARM12">
<rdf:value>
ARM12:
Multiplication of the outputs of the two parallel muscle autoregulatory
systems (AMM1 and AMM2) to given an overall multiplier factor for muscle
autoregulation (AMM) that in turn controls vascular resistance in the muscles.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable name="AMM1" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="AMM2" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="in"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable cmeta:id="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output_AMM"
name="AMM" units="dimensionless" private_interface="none" public_interface="out"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="ARM12">
<eq/>
<ci>AMM</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>AMM1</ci>
<ci>AMM2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_1="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output" component_2="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM1" variable_2="AMM1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output" component_2="M_LT_time_delay"/>
<map_variables variable_1="AMM2" variable_2="AMM2"/>
</connection>
<!-- ============================================================ GROUPING =============================================================== -->
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control">
<component_ref component="M_autoregulatory_driving_force"/>
<component_ref component="M_short_term_autoregulation">
<component_ref component="M_ST_sensitivity_control"/>
<component_ref component="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="M_long_term_autoregulation">
<component_ref component="M_LT_sensitivity_control"/>
<component_ref component="M_LT_time_delay"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="muscle_autoregulatory_local_blood_flow_control">
<component_ref component="parameter_values"/>
<component_ref component="state_variables"/>
<component_ref component="M_autoregulatory_driving_force"/>
<component_ref component="M_short_term_autoregulation"/>
<component_ref component="M_ST_sensitivity_control"/>
<component_ref component="M_ST_time_delay_and_limit"/>
<component_ref component="M_long_term_autoregulation"/>
<component_ref component="M_LT_sensitivity_control"/>
<component_ref component="M_LT_time_delay"/>
<component_ref component="global_M_blood_flow_autoregulation_output"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
</model>
