<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
This CellML file was generated on 12/04/2010 at 10:25:27 at a.m. using:
COR (0.9.31.1371)
Copyright 2002-2010 Dr Alan Garny
http://cor.physiol.ox.ac.uk/ - cor@physiol.ox.ac.uk
CellML 1.0 was used to generate this model
http://www.cellml.org/
-->
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<articleinfo>
<title>A novel computational model of the human ventricular action potential and Ca transient
</title>
<author>
<firstname>Geoffrey</firstname>
<surname>Nunns</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
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</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This CellML model is part of a CellML 1.1 model, this segment contains all the model equations describing cellular species. It is imported by smaller CellML models which describe different voltage protocols, and does not run as a standalone model. The units are consistent throughout.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
ABSTRACT: We have developed a detailed mathematical model for Ca handling and ionic currents in the human ventricular myocyte. Our aims were to: (1) simulate basic excitation-contraction coupling phenomena; (2) use realistic repolarizing K current densities; (3) reach steady-state. The model relies on the framework of the rabbit myocyte model previously developed by our group, with subsarcolemmal and junctional compartments where ion channels sense higher [Ca] vs. bulk cytosol. Ion channels and transporters have been modeled on the basis of the most recent experimental data from human ventricular myocytes. Rapidly and slowly inactivating components of I(to) have been formulated to differentiate between endocardial and epicardial myocytes. Transmural gradients of Ca handling proteins and Na pump were also simulated. The model has been validated against a wide set of experimental data including action potential duration (APD) adaptation and restitution, frequency-dependent increase in Ca transient peak and [Na](i). Interestingly, Na accumulation at fast heart rate is a major determinant of APD shortening, via outward shifts in Na pump and Na-Ca exchange currents. We investigated the effects of blocking K currents on APD and repolarization reserve: I(Ks) block does not affect the former and slightly reduces the latter; I(K1) blockade modestly increases APD and more strongly reduces repolarization reserve; I(Kr) blockers significantly prolong APD, an effect exacerbated as pacing frequency is decreased, in good agreement with experimental results in human myocytes. We conclude that this model provides a useful framework to explore excitation-contraction coupling mechanisms and repolarization abnormalities at the single myocyte level.
</para>
<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
A novel computational model of the human ventricular action potential and Ca transient, Eleonora Grandi, Francesco S. Pasqualini, Donald M. Bers, 2010, <emphasis>Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology</emphasis>, volume 48, 112-121. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=19835882&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 19835882</ulink>
</para>
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</article>
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<dc:title>Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology</dc:title>
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<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0539</cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.01</cn>
<ci>Vcell</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>SAjunc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">20150</cn>
<pi/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>junctionLength</ci>
<ci>junctionRadius</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>SAsl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<pi/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>cellRadius</ci>
<ci>cellLength</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_ca_juncsl</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="liters_per_msec">8.2413 <sep/>
-13</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_ca_slmyo</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="liters_per_msec">3.2743 <sep/>
-12</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_na_juncsl</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="liters_per_msec">1.8313 <sep/>
-14</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_na_slmyo</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="liters_per_msec">1.6386 <sep/>
-12</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.11</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Fjunc_CaL</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.9</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Fsl_CaL</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>Fjunc_CaL</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Cli</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">15</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Clo</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">150</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Ko</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">5.4</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">140</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Cao</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1.8</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Mgi</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ena_junc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>Na_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ena_sl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Nao</ci>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ek</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Ko</ci>
<ci>K_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>eca_junc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Cao</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>eca_sl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Cao</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ecl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>Cli</ci>
<ci>Clo</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>GNa</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_uF">23</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>GNaB</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mS_per_uF">0.597 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>IbarNaK</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_uF">1</cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmNaip</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">11</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmKo</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1.5</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10NaK</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.63</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10KmNai</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.39</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pNaK</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.01833</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>gkp</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_uF">0.001</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>GClCa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_uF">0.5</cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.109625</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>GClB</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mS_per_uF">9 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KdClCa</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">100 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pNa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="cm_per_sec">0.5</cn>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">1.5 <sep/>
-8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pCa</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="cm_per_sec">0.5</cn>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">5.4 <sep/>
-4</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>pK</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="cm_per_sec">0.5</cn>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">2.7 <sep/>
-7</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10CaL</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.8</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>IbarNCX</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_uF">4.5</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmCai</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">3.59 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmCao</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1.3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmNai</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">12.29</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmNao</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">87.5</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ksat</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.32</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>nu</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.27</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Kdact</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">0.15 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10NCX</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.57</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>IbarSLCaP</ci>
<cn cellml:units="uA_per_uF">0.0673</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>KmPCa</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">0.5 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>GCaB</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mS_per_uF">5.513 <sep/>
-4</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10SLCaP</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.35</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Q10SRCaP</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.6</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Vmax_SRCaP</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM_per_msec">5.3114 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Kmf</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">0.246 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Kmr</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1.7</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>hillSRCaP</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.787</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ks</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_msec">25</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koCa</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM2_per_msec">10</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kom</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_msec">0.06</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kiCa</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">0.5</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kim</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_msec">0.005</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>ec50SR</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">0.45</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_Naj</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">7.561</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_Nasl</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mM">1.65</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_na</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">1 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_na</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">0.1 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_TnClow</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">70 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_tncl</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">19.6 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_tncl</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">32.7</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_TnChigh</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">140 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_tnchca</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">0.032 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_tnchca</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">2.37</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_tnchmg</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">3.33 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_tnchmg</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">3 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_CaM</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">24 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_cam</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">238 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_cam</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">34</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_myosin</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">140 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_myoca</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">0.46 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_myoca</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">13.8</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_myomg</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">0.057 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_myomg</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">0.0157</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_SR</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="mM">19</cn>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="dimensionless">0.9 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_sr</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">60 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_sr</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">100</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowsl</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">37.4 <sep/>
-3</cn>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowj</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">4.6 <sep/>
-3</cn>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_sll</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">1300 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_sll</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">100</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighsl</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">13.4 <sep/>
-3</cn>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighj</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">1.65 <sep/>
-3</cn>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_slh</ci>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">30 <sep/>
-3</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_slh</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">100</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>Bmax_Csqn</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="mM">140 <sep/>
-3</cn>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vsr</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>koff_csqn</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_msec">65</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kon_csqn</ci>
<cn cellml:units="per_mM_per_msec">100</cn>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="I_Na">
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<variable name="taum" units="msec" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="ah" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="bh" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="tauh" units="msec" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="hss" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="aj" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="bj" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="tauj" units="msec" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="jss" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="m" units="dimensionless" initial_value="1.405627e-3" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="h" units="dimensionless" initial_value="9.867005e-1" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="I_Na" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="V_m" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="Fsl" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="GNa" units="mS_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ena_junc" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ena_sl" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
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<ci>mss</ci>
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<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="mV">56.86</cn>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">9.03</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>taum</ci>
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<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="msec">0.1292</cn>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">45.79</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">15.54</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
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</apply>
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<apply>
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<cn cellml:units="msec">0.06487</cn>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">4.823</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">51.12</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
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</apply>
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<apply>
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<ci>ah</ci>
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<piece>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0</cn>
<apply>
<geq/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="mV">40</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
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<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.057</cn>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">80</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV">6.8</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>bh</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.77</cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.13</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">10.66</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mV">11.1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<geq/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="mV">40</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</piece>
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<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2.7</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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5</cn>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<ci>tauh</ci>
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<divide/>
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<apply>
<plus/>
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<ci>bh</ci>
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<ci>hss</ci>
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<divide/>
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<power/>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">7.43</cn>
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<eq/>
<ci>aj</ci>
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<geq/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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4</cn>
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<exp/>
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<times/>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<times/>
<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_mV">6.948 <sep/>
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<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<apply>
<plus/>
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<apply>
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<times/>
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<plus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>bj</ci>
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<piece>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
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<times/>
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<minus/>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">32</cn>
</apply>
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</apply>
</apply>
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<apply>
<geq/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
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</apply>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.02424</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.01052</cn>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<plus/>
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<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<minus/>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">40.14</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tauj</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="msec">1</cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>aj</ci>
<ci>bj</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>jss</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">7.43</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
</apply>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>m</ci>
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<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>mss</ci>
<ci>m</ci>
</apply>
<ci>taum</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>h</ci>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>hss</ci>
<ci>h</ci>
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<ci>tauh</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>j</ci>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>jss</ci>
<ci>j</ci>
</apply>
<ci>tauj</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_junc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
<ci>GNa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>h</ci>
<ci>j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ena_junc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_sl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
<ci>GNa</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<ci>h</ci>
<ci>j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ena_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Na_junc</ci>
<ci>I_Na_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
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<variable name="I_nabk_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_nabk_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_nabk" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="V_m" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Fjunc" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Fsl" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="GNaB" units="mS_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ena_junc" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ena_sl" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_nabk_junc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
<ci>GNaB</ci>
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<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ena_junc</ci>
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</apply>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_nabk_sl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
<ci>GNaB</ci>
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<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ena_sl</ci>
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</apply>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_nabk</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_nabk_junc</ci>
<ci>I_nabk_sl</ci>
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</apply>
</math>
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<variable name="sigma" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="fnak" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="I_nak" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="V_m" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Nao" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="Na_j" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
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<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">7</cn>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>FoRT</ci>
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<ci>sigma</ci>
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<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<ci>FoRT</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_nak_junc</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
<ci>IbarNaK</ci>
<ci>fnak</ci>
<ci>Ko</ci>
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<plus/>
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<power/>
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<divide/>
<ci>KmNaip</ci>
<ci>Na_j</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ko</ci>
<ci>KmKo</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_nak_sl</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
<ci>IbarNaK</ci>
<ci>fnak</ci>
<ci>Ko</ci>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>KmNaip</ci>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">4</cn>
</apply>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>Ko</ci>
<ci>KmKo</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_nak</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_nak_junc</ci>
<ci>I_nak_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
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<variable name="gkr" units="mS_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="xrss" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="rkr" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_kr" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="ek" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
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<root/>
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<eq/>
<ci>xrss</ci>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>V_m</ci>
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<minus/>
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<minus/>
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<diff/>
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<ci>time</ci>
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<ci>x_kr</ci>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
<ci>xrss</ci>
<ci>x_kr</ci>
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<ci>tauxr</ci>
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<eq/>
<ci>rkr</ci>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">24</cn>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_kr</ci>
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<times/>
<ci>gkr</ci>
<ci>x_kr</ci>
<ci>rkr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ek</ci>
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<variable name="I_kp" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="ek" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
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<ci>kp_kp</ci>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<times/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
<ci>gkp</ci>
<ci>kp_kp</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_kp_sl</ci>
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<times/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
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<ci>kp_kp</ci>
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<minus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_kp</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_kp_junc</ci>
<ci>I_kp_sl</ci>
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<eq/>
<ci>eks</ci>
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<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<ci>FoRT</ci>
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<ln/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<times/>
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<plus/>
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<times/>
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<eq/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<plus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>tauxs</ci>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<minus/>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>x_ks</ci>
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<ci>tauxs</ci>
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<ci>I_ks_junc</ci>
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<ci>gks_junc</ci>
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<minus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_ks_sl</ci>
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<times/>
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<ci>gks_sl</ci>
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<power/>
<ci>x_ks</ci>
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<minus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_ks</ci>
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<plus/>
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<ci>I_ks_sl</ci>
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<variable name="ytoss" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="tauytos" units="msec" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="I_to" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
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<variable name="ek" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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<piece>
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<times/>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_uF">1</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.964</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.88</cn>
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<eq/>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.036</cn>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">5</cn>
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<eq/>
<ci>tauxtos</ci>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">15</cn>
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<eq/>
<ci>tauytos</ci>
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<plus/>
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<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="msec">800</cn>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">10</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="msec">30</cn>
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<apply>
<diff/>
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<ci>time</ci>
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<ci>x_to_s</ci>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>x_to_s</ci>
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<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
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<ci>y_to_s</ci>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>ytoss</ci>
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<ci>I_tos</ci>
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<times/>
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<ci>y_to_s</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<eq/>
<ci>tauxtof</ci>
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<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="msec">8.5</cn>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
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<divide/>
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<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">45</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">50</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="msec">0.5</cn>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>tauytof</ci>
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<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
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<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
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<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">40</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="mV2">220</cn>
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<cn cellml:units="msec">7</cn>
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<eq/>
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<diff/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<ci>x_to_f</ci>
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<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
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<ci>time</ci>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<ci>y_to_f</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_tof</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>GtoFast</ci>
<ci>x_to_f</ci>
<ci>y_to_f</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_to</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_tos</ci>
<ci>I_tof</ci>
</apply>
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<variable name="kiss" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_ki" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="V_m" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="ek" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Ko" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>aki</ci>
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<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.02</cn>
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<plus/>
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<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.2385</cn>
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<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ek</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">59.215</cn>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>bki</ci>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.49124</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.08032</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<cn cellml:units="mV">5.476</cn>
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<ci>ek</ci>
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<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.06175</cn>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ek</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">594.31</cn>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.5143</cn>
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<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
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<cn cellml:units="mV">4.753</cn>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>kiss</ci>
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<divide/>
<ci>aki</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>aki</ci>
<ci>bki</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_ki</ci>
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<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<cn cellml:units="mS_per_uF">0.35</cn>
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<root/>
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<ci>kiss</ci>
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<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ek</ci>
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<variable name="Ca_j" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
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<ci>I_ClCa_junc</ci>
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<times/>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci>Fjunc</ci>
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<ci>Ca_j</ci>
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<apply>
<minus/>
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<eq/>
<ci>I_ClCa_sl</ci>
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<times/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Fsl</ci>
<ci>GClCa</ci>
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<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
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<divide/>
<ci>KdClCa</ci>
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<minus/>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_ClCa</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_ClCa_junc</ci>
<ci>I_ClCa_sl</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Clbk</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>GClB</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>V_m</ci>
<ci>ecl</ci>
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<variable name="V_m" units="mV" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="FoRT" units="per_mV" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="Q10CaL" units="dimensionless" public_interface="in"/>
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<variable name="Na_sl" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>taud</ci>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
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<minus/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
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<plus/>
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<times/>
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<plus/>
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<ci>tauf</ci>
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<plus/>
<apply>
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<apply>
<minus/>
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<power/>
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<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_mV">0.0337</cn>
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<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>dss</ci>
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<ci>taud</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>fss</ci>
<ci>f</ci>
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<ci>tauf</ci>
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<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>K_i</ci>
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<divide/>
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<times/>
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<minus/>
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<ci>Na_j</ci>
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<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<ci>Fjunc_CaL</ci>
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<plus/>
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<plus/>
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<minus/>
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<minus/>
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<divide/>
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<ci>eca_junc</ci>
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<variable name="MinSR" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="kCaSR" units="dimensionless" public_interface="out"/>
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<ci>kCaSR</ci>
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<power/>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
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<ci>kom</ci>
<ci>Ry_Ro</ci>
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<minus/>
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<divide/>
<apply>
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<ci>ks</ci>
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<ci>J_serca</ci>
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<divide/>
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<apply>
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<ci>Q10SRCaP</ci>
<ci>Qpow</ci>
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<ci>Vmax_SRCaP</ci>
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<ci>J_SRleak</ci>
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<cn type="e-notation" cellml:units="per_msec">5.348 <sep/>
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<ci>dNa_Bsl_dt</ci>
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<ci>kon_na</ci>
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<variable name="SLH_j" units="mM" initial_value="7.347888e-3" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="SLH_sl" units="mM" initial_value="7.297378e-2" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="J_CaB_junction" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="J_CaB_sl" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Bmax_SLlowj" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Bmax_SLlowsl" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Bmax_SLhighj" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Bmax_SLhighsl" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="kon_sll" units="per_mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="koff_sll" units="per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="kon_slh" units="per_mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="koff_slh" units="per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Ca_j" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Ca_sl" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>SLL_j</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_sll</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowj</ci>
<ci>SLL_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_sll</ci>
<ci>SLL_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>SLL_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_sll</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowsl</ci>
<ci>SLL_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_sll</ci>
<ci>SLL_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>SLH_j</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_slh</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighj</ci>
<ci>SLH_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_slh</ci>
<ci>SLH_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>SLH_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_slh</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighsl</ci>
<ci>SLH_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_slh</ci>
<ci>SLH_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_CaB_junction</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_sll</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowj</ci>
<ci>SLL_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_sll</ci>
<ci>SLL_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_slh</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighj</ci>
<ci>SLH_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_slh</ci>
<ci>SLH_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>J_CaB_sl</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_sll</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLlowsl</ci>
<ci>SLL_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_sll</ci>
<ci>SLL_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_slh</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_SLhighsl</ci>
<ci>SLH_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_slh</ci>
<ci>SLH_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="SR_Ca_Concentrations">
<variable name="Csqn_b" units="mM" initial_value="1.242988" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Ca_sr" units="mM" initial_value="0.1e-1" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Bmax_Csqn" units="mM" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="kon_csqn" units="per_mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="koff_csqn" units="per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vmyo" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vsr" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_serca" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_SRleak" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_SRCarel" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Csqn_b</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_csqn</ci>
<ci>Ca_sr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_Csqn</ci>
<ci>Csqn_b</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_csqn</ci>
<ci>Csqn_b</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_sr</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>J_serca</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>J_SRleak</ci>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>J_SRCarel</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>kon_csqn</ci>
<ci>Ca_sr</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Bmax_Csqn</ci>
<ci>Csqn_b</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>koff_csqn</ci>
<ci>Csqn_b</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="Na_Concentrations">
<variable name="I_Na_tot_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_Na_tot_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_Na_tot_sl2" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_Na_tot_junc2" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Na_j" units="mM" initial_value="9.06" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Na_sl" units="mM" initial_value="9.06" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Na_i" units="mM" initial_value="9.06" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Cmem" units="farad" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Frdy" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_na_juncsl" units="liters_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_na_slmyo" units="liters_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vjunc" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vsl" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vmyo" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Na_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_nabk_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ncx_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_nak_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_CaNa_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Na_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_nabk_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ncx_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_nak_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_CaNa_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="dNa_Bj_dt" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="dNa_Bsl_dt" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_junc</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Na_junc</ci>
<ci>I_nabk_junc</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_junc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_nak_junc</ci>
</apply>
<ci>I_CaNa_junc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_sl</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Na_sl</ci>
<ci>I_nabk_sl</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_nak_sl</ci>
</apply>
<ci>I_CaNa_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_sl2</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_nak_sl</ci>
</apply>
<ci>I_CaNa_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_junc2</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_junc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
<ci>I_nak_junc</ci>
</apply>
<ci>I_CaNa_junc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Na_j</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_junc</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Cmem</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
<ci>Frdy</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_na_juncsl</ci>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
<ci>Na_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>dNa_Bj_dt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_sl</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Cmem</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
<ci>Frdy</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_na_juncsl</ci>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Na_j</ci>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_na_slmyo</ci>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>dNa_Bsl_dt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_na_slmyo</ci>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Na_sl</ci>
<ci>Na_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="K_Concentration">
<variable name="I_K_tot" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="K_i" units="mM" initial_value="120" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_to" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_kr" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ks" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ki" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_nak" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_CaK" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_kp" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_K_tot</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_to</ci>
<ci>I_kr</ci>
<ci>I_ks</ci>
<ci>I_ki</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>I_nak</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>I_CaK</ci>
<ci>I_kp</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>K_i</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="mM_per_msec">0</cn>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="Ca_Concentrations">
<variable name="I_Ca_tot_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_tot_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Ca_j" units="mM" initial_value="1.737475e-4" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Ca_sl" units="mM" initial_value="1.031812e-4" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="Ca_i" units="mM" initial_value="8.597401e-5" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_cabk_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_pca_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ncx_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_cabk_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_pca_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ncx_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Cmem" units="farad" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vjunc" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vsl" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vsr" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Vmyo" units="liter" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="Frdy" units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_CaB_junction" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_SRCarel" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_ca_juncsl" units="liters_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_CaB_sl" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_ca_slmyo" units="liters_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_serca" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_SRleak" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="J_CaB_cytosol" units="mM_per_msec" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_junc</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Ca_junc</ci>
<ci>I_cabk_junc</ci>
<ci>I_pca_junc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_junc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_sl</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Ca_sl</ci>
<ci>I_cabk_sl</ci>
<ci>I_pca_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>I_ncx_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_junc</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Cmem</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>Frdy</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_ca_juncsl</ci>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>J_CaB_junction</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>J_SRCarel</ci>
<ci>Vsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>J_SRleak</ci>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vjunc</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_sl</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Cmem</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">2</cn>
<ci>Frdy</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_ca_juncsl</ci>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_j</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_ca_slmyo</ci>
<ci>Vsl</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>J_CaB_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>J_serca</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vsr</ci>
</apply>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<ci>J_CaB_cytosol</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci>J_ca_slmyo</ci>
<ci>Vmyo</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>Ca_sl</ci>
<ci>Ca_i</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" name="membrane_potential">
<variable name="I_Na_tot" units="uA_per_uF"/>
<variable name="I_Cl_tot" units="uA_per_uF"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_tot" units="uA_per_uF"/>
<variable name="I_tot" units="uA_per_uF"/>
<variable name="V_m" units="mV" initial_value="-8.09763e1" public_interface="out"/>
<variable name="I_app" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="time" units="msec" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Na_tot_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Na_tot_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_ClCa" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Clbk" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_tot_junc" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_Ca_tot_sl" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<variable name="I_K_tot" units="uA_per_uF" public_interface="in"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Na_tot</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Na_tot_junc</ci>
<ci>I_Na_tot_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Cl_tot</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_ClCa</ci>
<ci>I_Clbk</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_junc</ci>
<ci>I_Ca_tot_sl</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>I_tot</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci>I_Na_tot</ci>
<ci>I_Cl_tot</ci>
<ci>I_Ca_tot</ci>
<ci>I_K_tot</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V_m</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>I_tot</ci>
<ci>I_app</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="interface">
<component_ref component="environment"/>
<component_ref component="parameters"/>
<component_ref component="I_Na"/>
<component_ref component="I_NaBK"/>
<component_ref component="I_NaK"/>
<component_ref component="I_Kr"/>
<component_ref component="I_Kp"/>
<component_ref component="I_Ks"/>
<component_ref component="I_to"/>
<component_ref component="I_Ki"/>
<component_ref component="I_ClCa"/>
<component_ref component="I_Ca"/>
<component_ref component="I_NCX"/>
<component_ref component="I_PCa"/>
<component_ref component="I_CaBK"/>
<component_ref component="SR_Fluxes"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Buffers"/>
<component_ref component="Cytosolic_Ca_Buffers"/>
<component_ref component="Junctional_and_SL_Ca_Buffers"/>
<component_ref component="SR_Ca_Concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="K_Concentration"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<component_ref component="membrane_potential"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="interface" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="interface" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_app" variable_2="I_app"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Na" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Na" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="GNa" variable_2="GNa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ena_junc" variable_2="ena_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ena_sl" variable_2="ena_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Na" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NaBK" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="GNaB" variable_2="GNaB"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ena_junc" variable_2="ena_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ena_sl" variable_2="ena_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NaBK" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NaK" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_1="FoRT" variable_2="FoRT"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="IbarNaK" variable_2="IbarNaK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmKo" variable_2="KmKo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmNaip" variable_2="KmNaip"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NaK" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_j" variable_2="Na_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_sl" variable_2="Na_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_nak_junc" variable_2="I_nak_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_nak_sl" variable_2="I_nak_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NaK" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Kr" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Kr" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ek" variable_2="ek"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Kr" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Kp" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ek" variable_2="ek"/>
<map_variables variable_1="gkp" variable_2="gkp"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Kp" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ks" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ks" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="FoRT" variable_2="FoRT"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="pNaK" variable_2="pNaK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ks" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_i" variable_2="Na_i"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ks" component_2="K_Concentration"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_i" variable_2="K_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ks" variable_2="I_ks"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ks" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_to" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_to" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="epi" variable_2="epi"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ek" variable_2="ek"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_to" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ki" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ek" variable_2="ek"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ki" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_ClCa" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ecl" variable_2="ecl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="GClCa" variable_2="GClCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="GClB" variable_2="GClB"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KdClCa" variable_2="KdClCa"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_ClCa" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_ClCa" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ClCa" variable_2="I_ClCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Clbk" variable_2="I_Clbk"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="FoRT" variable_2="FoRT"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Frdy" variable_2="Frdy"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc_CaL" variable_2="Fjunc_CaL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl_CaL" variable_2="Fsl_CaL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Q10CaL" variable_2="Q10CaL"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Qpow" variable_2="Qpow"/>
<map_variables variable_1="pCa" variable_2="pCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="pK" variable_2="pK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="pNa" variable_2="pNa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ko" variable_2="Ko"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_j" variable_2="Na_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_sl" variable_2="Na_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_CaNa_junc" variable_2="I_CaNa_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_CaNa_sl" variable_2="I_CaNa_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Ca_junc" variable_2="I_Ca_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Ca_sl" variable_2="I_Ca_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="K_Concentration"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_i" variable_2="K_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_CaK" variable_2="I_CaK"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_Ca" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NCX" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cao" variable_2="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Nao" variable_2="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="FoRT" variable_2="FoRT"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ksat" variable_2="ksat"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Kdact" variable_2="Kdact"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmCai" variable_2="KmCai"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmCao" variable_2="KmCao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmNai" variable_2="KmNai"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmNao" variable_2="KmNao"/>
<map_variables variable_1="nu" variable_2="nu"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="IbarNCX" variable_2="IbarNCX"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Q10NCX" variable_2="Q10NCX"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Qpow" variable_2="Qpow"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NCX" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ncx_sl" variable_2="I_ncx_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ncx_junc" variable_2="I_ncx_junc"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NCX" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_j" variable_2="Na_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_sl" variable_2="Na_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ncx_junc" variable_2="I_ncx_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ncx_sl" variable_2="I_ncx_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_NCX" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_PCa" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="IbarSLCaP" variable_2="IbarSLCaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="KmPCa" variable_2="KmPCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Q10SLCaP" variable_2="Q10SLCaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Qpow" variable_2="Qpow"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_PCa" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_pca_junc" variable_2="I_pca_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_pca_sl" variable_2="I_pca_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_CaBK" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fjunc" variable_2="Fjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Fsl" variable_2="Fsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="GCaB" variable_2="GCaB"/>
<map_variables variable_1="eca_junc" variable_2="eca_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="eca_sl" variable_2="eca_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="I_CaBK" component_2="membrane_potential"/>
<map_variables variable_1="V_m" variable_2="V_m"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Fluxes" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Fluxes" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ec50SR" variable_2="ec50SR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koCa" variable_2="koCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kiCa" variable_2="kiCa"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kim" variable_2="kim"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kom" variable_2="kom"/>
<map_variables variable_1="ks" variable_2="ks"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Kmf" variable_2="Kmf"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Kmr" variable_2="Kmr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Q10SRCaP" variable_2="Q10SRCaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Qpow" variable_2="Qpow"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vmax_SRCaP" variable_2="Vmax_SRCaP"/>
<map_variables variable_1="hillSRCaP" variable_2="hillSRCaP"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Fluxes" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_SRCarel" variable_2="J_SRCarel"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_serca" variable_2="J_serca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_SRleak" variable_2="J_SRleak"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Fluxes" component_2="SR_Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sr" variable_2="Ca_sr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_serca" variable_2="J_serca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_SRleak" variable_2="J_SRleak"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_SRCarel" variable_2="J_SRCarel"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Buffers" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Buffers" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_na" variable_2="kon_na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_na" variable_2="koff_na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_Naj" variable_2="Bmax_Naj"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_Nasl" variable_2="Bmax_Nasl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Buffers" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_j" variable_2="Na_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_sl" variable_2="Na_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="dNa_Bsl_dt" variable_2="dNa_Bsl_dt"/>
<map_variables variable_1="dNa_Bj_dt" variable_2="dNa_Bj_dt"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Cytosolic_Ca_Buffers" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Cytosolic_Ca_Buffers" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_TnClow" variable_2="Bmax_TnClow"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_CaM" variable_2="Bmax_CaM"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_TnChigh" variable_2="Bmax_TnChigh"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_myosin" variable_2="Bmax_myosin"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_SR" variable_2="Bmax_SR"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_cam" variable_2="kon_cam"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_cam" variable_2="koff_cam"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_tncl" variable_2="kon_tncl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_tncl" variable_2="koff_tncl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_tnchca" variable_2="kon_tnchca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_tnchca" variable_2="koff_tnchca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_tnchmg" variable_2="kon_tnchmg"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_tnchmg" variable_2="koff_tnchmg"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_myomg" variable_2="kon_myomg"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_myomg" variable_2="koff_myomg"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_myoca" variable_2="kon_myoca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_myoca" variable_2="koff_myoca"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_sr" variable_2="kon_sr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_sr" variable_2="koff_sr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Mgi" variable_2="Mgi"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Cytosolic_Ca_Buffers" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_i" variable_2="Ca_i"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_CaB_cytosol" variable_2="J_CaB_cytosol"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Junctional_and_SL_Ca_Buffers" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Junctional_and_SL_Ca_Buffers" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_SLlowj" variable_2="Bmax_SLlowj"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_SLlowsl" variable_2="Bmax_SLlowsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_SLhighj" variable_2="Bmax_SLhighj"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_SLhighsl" variable_2="Bmax_SLhighsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_sll" variable_2="kon_sll"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_sll" variable_2="koff_sll"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_slh" variable_2="kon_slh"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_slh" variable_2="koff_slh"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Junctional_and_SL_Ca_Buffers" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_CaB_sl" variable_2="J_CaB_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_CaB_junction" variable_2="J_CaB_junction"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Ca_Concentrations" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="SR_Ca_Concentrations" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Bmax_Csqn" variable_2="Bmax_Csqn"/>
<map_variables variable_1="kon_csqn" variable_2="kon_csqn"/>
<map_variables variable_1="koff_csqn" variable_2="koff_csqn"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vmyo" variable_2="Vmyo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vsr" variable_2="Vsr"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Concentrations" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Concentrations" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cmem" variable_2="Cmem"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Frdy" variable_2="Frdy"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_na_juncsl" variable_2="J_na_juncsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_na_slmyo" variable_2="J_na_slmyo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vjunc" variable_2="Vjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vsl" variable_2="Vsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vmyo" variable_2="Vmyo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_j" variable_2="Na_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Na_sl" variable_2="Na_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Concentrations" component_2="I_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Na_junc" variable_2="I_Na_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Na_sl" variable_2="I_Na_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Na_Concentrations" component_2="I_NaBK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_nabk_junc" variable_2="I_nabk_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_nabk_sl" variable_2="I_nabk_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="K_i" variable_2="K_i"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="I_to"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_to" variable_2="I_to"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="I_Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_ki" variable_2="I_ki"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="I_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_kr" variable_2="I_kr"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="I_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_nak" variable_2="I_nak"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="K_Concentration" component_2="I_Kp"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_kp" variable_2="I_kp"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Ca_Concentrations" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Ca_Concentrations" component_2="parameters"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Cmem" variable_2="Cmem"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vjunc" variable_2="Vjunc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vsl" variable_2="Vsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vsr" variable_2="Vsr"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Vmyo" variable_2="Vmyo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Frdy" variable_2="Frdy"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_ca_juncsl" variable_2="J_ca_juncsl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="J_ca_slmyo" variable_2="J_ca_slmyo"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_j" variable_2="Ca_j"/>
<map_variables variable_1="Ca_sl" variable_2="Ca_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="Ca_Concentrations" component_2="I_CaBK"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_cabk_sl" variable_2="I_cabk_sl"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_cabk_junc" variable_2="I_cabk_junc"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="membrane_potential" component_2="environment"/>
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="membrane_potential" component_2="Na_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Na_tot_junc" variable_2="I_Na_tot_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Na_tot_sl" variable_2="I_Na_tot_sl"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="membrane_potential" component_2="K_Concentration"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_K_tot" variable_2="I_K_tot"/>
</connection>
<connection xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#">
<map_components component_1="membrane_potential" component_2="Ca_Concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Ca_tot_junc" variable_2="I_Ca_tot_junc"/>
<map_variables variable_1="I_Ca_tot_sl" variable_2="I_Ca_tot_sl"/>
</connection>
</model>
