<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : seemann_model_2003.xml
CREATED : 20th February 2004
LAST MODIFIED : 21st April 2005
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification released on 16th
January, 2002.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Seemann et al's mathematical model of cardiac electromechanics in human myocardium.
CHANGES:
21/04/2005 - PJV - Removed duplicate connection.
--><model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" cmeta:id="seemann_sachse_weib_dossel_2003_version01" name="seemann_sachse_weib_dossel_2003_version01">
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Quantitative Reconstruction of Cardiac Electromechanics in Human Myocardium</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This model contains partial differentials and as such can not currently be solved by existing CellML tools.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
During a cardiac cycle, electrical excitation causes a mechanical contraction of the heart. This electromechanical coupling is controlled by free cytosolic calcium. Regional heterogeneity of the electrophysiological properties within the human ventricles is based on changes in ion channel kinetics and density withinh the myocytes of the heart walls. This heterogeneity not only influences the electrophysiological properties of the heart, but also cellular force devlopment.
</para>
<para>
In the Seemann <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2003 publication described here, the authors aim to fit new parameters based on experimental data to an existing mathematical model of a human myocyte, and to investigate the effects of these new values on electrophysiology and force development in a computer model. The cellular model consists of two submodels. One model is needed to describe the electrophysiology of the cell (see the first figure below). This part of the model is based on the previously published Priebe and Beuckelmann, Electrophysiological Model of the Human Ventricular Myocyte, 1998. The second model is needed to quantify the functionality of the contractile units (see the second figure below). This part of the model is based on the publication by Sachse <emphasis>et al.</emphasis>; Modelling the Protein Interactions Involved in Cardiac Tension Development, 2003.
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1540.8167.90314.x/abs/">Quantitative Reconstruction of Cardiac Electromechanics in Human Myocardium: Regional Heterogeneity</ulink>, Gunnar Seemann, Frank B. Sachse, Daniel L. Weiss, and Olaf Dossel, 2003, <ulink url="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code=jce">
<emphasis>Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology</emphasis>
</ulink>, 14, S219-S228. (Full text (HTML) and PDF versions of the article are available to subscribers on the <emphasis>Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=14760927&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 14760927</ulink>
</para>
<para>
In order to complete the model, some parameters were taken from the following publication:
<ulink url="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046/j.1540.8167.90313.x/abs/">Quantitative Reconstruction of Cardiac Electromechanics in Human Myocardium: Assembly of Electrophysiologic and Tension Generation Models</ulink>, Frank B. Sachse, Gunnar Seemann, Kraisorn Chaisaowong, and Daniel Weiss, 2003, <ulink url="http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/servlet/useragent?func=showIssues&code=jce">
<emphasis>Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology</emphasis>
</ulink>, 14, S210-S218. (Full text (HTML) and PDF versions of the article are available to subscribers on the <emphasis>Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=10637314&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 14760926</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>cell diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="seemann_2003.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram describing the transmembrane ionic currents through channels, pumps and exchangers, that are captured in the Priebe and Beuckelmann 1998 model of a human ventricular myocyte. The intracellular compartment in the diagram represents the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This is divided into the two subcompartments, the network SR (NSR) and the junctional SR (JSR). Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> buffers are present in both the cytoplasm and the JSR - troponin (TRPN), Calmodulin (CMDN), and calsequestrin (CSQN).</caption>
</informalfigure>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>reaction diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="seeman_2_2003.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>State diagram of the Sachse <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2003 model. Two state variables quantify the calcium binding to troponin C (T). Two further state variables describe the configuration of tropomyosin (TM). Ten state variables represent the interaction of actin and myosin as well as the hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). M and A represent myosin and actin respectively. Transition between states is depicted by an arrow.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<component name="environment">
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="out" name="time"/>
</component>
<component name="membrane">
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<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="out" name="R" initial_value="8314.0"/>
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<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
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<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="membrane_voltage_diff_eq">
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<plus/>
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<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<ci> I_st </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="fast_sodium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Na"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Na" initial_value="16.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
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<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
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<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="h"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="j"/>
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<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
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<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
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<component name="fast_sodium_current_m_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="m"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_m"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_m"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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<eq/>
<ci> alpha_m </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<times/>
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<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 47.13 </cn>
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<eq/>
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<times/>
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<apply>
<exp/>
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<divide/>
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<minus/>
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<apply id="dm_dt">
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<times/>
<ci> beta_m </ci>
<ci> m </ci>
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</apply>
</apply>
</math>
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<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_h"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_h"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
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<times/>
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<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 11.1 </cn>
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<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_j"/>
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<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
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<ci> V </ci>
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<times/>
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<ci> j </ci>
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<apply>
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<ci> beta_j </ci>
<ci> j </ci>
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<component name="slow_calcium_current">
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<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Ca_max" initial_value="0.064"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="d"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="f_Ca"/>
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<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ca_max </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<apply>
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<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
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<apply id="E_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
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<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
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<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> F </ci>
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<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cao </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_d_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="d"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_d"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_d"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 14.98 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 16.68 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<apply>
<pi/>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 22.36 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 16.68 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_d_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.1471 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 5.3 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 14.93 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<apply>
<pi/>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.5 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 6.27 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 14.93 </cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="dd_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_d </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_d </ci>
<ci> d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_f_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_f"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_f"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="alpha_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 6.87E-3 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 6.1546 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> -6.12 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_f_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 0.069 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.11 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.825 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 0.011 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.278 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millivolt"> 9.825 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 5.75E-4 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="df_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_f </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_f </ci>
<ci> f </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="f_Ca"/>
<variable units="nanomolar" name="Km_Ca" initial_value="600.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> Km_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_to_max" initial_value="0.1301"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_to"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="t"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="r"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_to_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_to_max </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
<ci> t </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_to </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_to_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_to </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.043 </cn>
<ci> Nao </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.043 </cn>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_r_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_r"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r_a" initial_value="0.5266"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r_b" initial_value="-0.01394"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r_c" initial_value="-53.2869"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_r_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r_a" initial_value="0.5149"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r_b" initial_value="-0.16128"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r_c" initial_value="-3.11768"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_r_e"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r_b" initial_value="-0.07544"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r_c" initial_value="-53.2869"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_r_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r_b" initial_value="-0.1348"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r_c" initial_value="-0.00006"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_r_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="dr_dt">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<ci> r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_r_e_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_r_e </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 0.00006 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_alpha_r </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_r_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_r_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_alpha_r_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_r_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_r_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_alpha_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_r </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_r_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_r_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_r_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_r_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_r_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_r </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_beta_r </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_r </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_r </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_r_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_r_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_beta_r_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_r_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_r_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_r_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_r </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_r_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_r_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_r_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_r_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_r_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="transient_outward_current_t_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_t"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t_a" initial_value="0.0721"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t_b" initial_value="-0.13148"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t_c" initial_value="26.0324"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_t_e"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t_a" initial_value="0.0767"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t_b" initial_value="1.6E-9"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t_c" initial_value="34.0235"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_t_e"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t_b" initial_value="-.0237871"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t_c" initial_value="26.0324"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_t_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t_b" initial_value="-0.1604"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t_c" initial_value="34.0235"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_t_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="t_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_t </ci>
<ci> t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_t_e_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_e </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 0.00007 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_t_e_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_t_e </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt_millisecond"> 0.0001215 </cn>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_alpha_t </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_t_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_alpha_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_t </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_t_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_t_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_t_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_t_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_t_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_t </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_beta_t </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_t </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_t </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_t_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_t_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_beta_t_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_t_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_t_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_t_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_t </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_t_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_t_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_t_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_t_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_t_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Ks"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Ks_max" initial_value="0.0382"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="E_Ks"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xs"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Ks_max </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Xs </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_Ks_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.01833 </cn>
<ci> Nao </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.01833 </cn>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_Xs"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs_a" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs_b" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs_c" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xs_e" initial_value="0.003013"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs_a" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs_b" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs_c" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xs_e" initial_value="0.005875"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs_b" initial_value="-0.0593696"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs_c" initial_value="13.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs_d" initial_value="0.1888755"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xs_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs_b" initial_value="0.0537295"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs_c" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs_d" initial_value="0.3676441"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xs_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xs_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_Xs </ci>
<ci> Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xs_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_alpha_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xs_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_Xs_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_Xs_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_Xs_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_Kr"/> <variable units="millivolt" public_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_Kr_max" initial_value="0.02"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr_b" initial_value="0.023913"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr_c" initial_value="29.9"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="FCIKr_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ki"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" private_interface="in" name="Xr"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_Kr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_Kr_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> FCIKr </ci>
</apply>
<ci> Xr </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="E_K_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<ln/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="FCIKr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> FCIKr </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> FCIKr_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> FCIKr_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> FCIKr_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> FCIKr_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> FCIKr_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="alpha_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="beta_Xr"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr_a" initial_value="0.005"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr_b" initial_value="0.00044761"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr_c" initial_value="2.23685"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_Xr_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr_a" initial_value="0.016"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr_b" initial_value="0.00232"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr_c" initial_value="55.811"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_Xr_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr_b" initial_value="-0.10727"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr_c" initial_value="2.23685"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_Xr_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr_b" initial_value="0.066555"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr_c" initial_value="55.811"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_Xr_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Xr_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millivolt"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> beta_Xr </ci>
<ci> Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_Xr_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_alpha_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_Xr_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_Xr_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_Xr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_Xr_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_K1_max" initial_value="0.41"/>
<variable units="millivolt" name="Vs" initial_value="6.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="V"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" private_interface="in" name="alpha_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" private_interface="in" name="beta_K1"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_K1_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<ci> beta_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> E_K </ci>
<ci> Vs </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate">
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="alpha_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="beta_K1"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1_a" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1_b" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1_c" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_alpha_K1_e" initial_value="0.3"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1_a" initial_value="3.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1_b" initial_value="0.0002"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1_c"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F1_beta_K1_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1_b" initial_value="0.06"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1_c"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_alpha_K1_e" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1_b" initial_value="0.191"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1_c"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F2_beta_K1_e" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1_a" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1_b" initial_value="-0.5"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1_c"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1_d" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="F3_beta_K1_e" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_K"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="F2_alpha_K1_c_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_c </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 206.0 </cn>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_K1_c_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_c </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> -16.0 </cn>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_K1_c_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_c </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 94.0 </cn>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F3_beta_K1_c_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_c </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="per_millisecond"> 4.0 </cn>
<ci> E_K </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="alpha_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1 </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_alpha_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_alpha_K1_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_alpha_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_alpha_K1_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="beta_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> beta_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> F1_beta_K1 </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_K1 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F3_beta_K1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F1_beta_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F1_beta_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F1_beta_K1_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F2_beta_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F2_beta_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F2_beta_K1_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="F3_beta_K1_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> F3_beta_K1 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_a </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_b </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_c </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_d </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> F3_beta_K1_e </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_b_Ca_max" initial_value="0.00085"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Ca"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Ca_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_b_Ca_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Ca </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_background_current">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="milliS_per_microF" name="g_b_Na_max" initial_value="0.001"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="E_Na"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_b_Na_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> g_b_Na_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> E_Na </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="sodium_potassium_pump">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="I_NaK" initial_value="1.3"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="f_NaK"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNai" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mKo" initial_value="1.5"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="sigma"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ko"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="f_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.1245 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> -0.1 </cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0365 </cn>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> V </ci>
</apply>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="sigma_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> sigma </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 7.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="millimolar"> 67.3 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="i_NaK_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_NaK </ci>
<ci> f_NaK </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> K_mNai </ci>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.5 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ko </ci>
<ci> K_mKo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Na_Ca_exchanger">
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="out" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" name="K_NaCa" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mNa" initial_value="82.5"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mCa" initial_value="1.38"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="K_sat" initial_value="0.1"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="eta" initial_value="0.35"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millivolt" public_interface="in" name="V"/>
<variable units="joule_per_kilomole_kelvin" public_interface="in" name="R"/>
<variable units="kelvin" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Nao"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Cao"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Na_Ca_exchanger">
<eq/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_NaCa </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> K_mNa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_mCa </ci>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_sat </ci>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nai </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cao </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> eta </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> V </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> F </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> R </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Nao </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="CICR_of_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="G_rel" initial_value="3.0"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="G_rel_max" initial_value="-22.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mrel" initial_value="0.8"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_on" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_off" initial_value="4.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="delta_Ca_i2"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="delta_Ca_ith" initial_value="0.005"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="calcium_overload"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="G_rel_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> G_rel </ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> delta_Ca_i2 </ci>
<ci> delta_Ca_ith </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> K_mrel </ci>
<ci> delta_Ca_i2 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> delta_Ca_ith </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> time </ci>
<ci> tau_on </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_off </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci> calcium_overload </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.0 </cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> G_rel_max </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_on </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<exp/>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> time </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_off </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_uptake_of_NSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_up"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" name="I_up" initial_value="0.0045"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mup" initial_value="0.92"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_up_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_up </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> I_up </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mup </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="Ca_leakage_of_NSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_leak"/>
<variable units="per_millisecond" name="K_leak" initial_value="0.00026"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_leak_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> K_leak </ci>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="out" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millisecond" name="tau_tr" initial_value="180.0"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_NSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="i_tr_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
</apply>
<ci> tau_tr </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm">
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mTn" initial_value="0.5"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="K_mCMDN" initial_value="2.38"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Tn_max" initial_value="70.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="CMDN_max" initial_value="50.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Tn_buff"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="CMDN_buff"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="Tn_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> Tn_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Tn_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mTn </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="CMDN_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> CMDN_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> CMDN_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> K_mCMDN </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR">
<variable units="millimolar" name="CSQN_buff"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="CSQN_max" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" name="K_mCSQN" initial_value="0.8"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="in" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="CSQN_buff_calculation">
<eq/>
<ci> CSQN_buff </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> CSQN_max </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
<ci> K_mCSQN </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="ionic_concentrations">
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nai" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Nao" initial_value="140.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="Cai" initial_value="0.12"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Cao" initial_value="1.8"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ki" initial_value="145.0"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ko" initial_value="5.4"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_JSR"/>
<variable units="millimolar" public_interface="out" name="Ca_NSR" initial_value="15.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Ca_foot"/>
<variable units="mm2" name="A_cap" initial_value="0.000153"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="R_A_V"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_myo"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_cleft"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_JSR"/>
<variable units="micro_litre" name="V_NSR"/>
<variable units="millisecond" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<variable units="coulomb_per_mole" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Na"/> <variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Na"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaCa"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_NaK"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_b_Ca"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Kr"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_K1"/>
<variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_Ks"/> <variable units="picoA_per_picoF" public_interface="in" name="i_to"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_tr"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_rel"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_leak"/>
<variable units="millimolar_per_millisecond" public_interface="in" name="i_up"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="sodium_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Nai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Na </ci>
<ci> i_b_Na </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 3.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_internal_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Cai </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
<ci> i_b_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_NaCa </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="potassium_internal_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ki </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="potassium_external_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ko </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_to </ci>
<ci> i_Kr </ci>
<ci> i_K1 </ci>
<ci> i_Ks </ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_NaK </ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> V_cleft </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_JSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_JSR </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_rel </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> V_NSR </ci>
<ci> V_JSR </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_NSR_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_NSR </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> i_leak </ci>
<ci> i_tr </ci>
</apply>
<ci> i_up </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="calcium_foot_diff_eq">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci> time </ci>
</bvar>
<ci> Ca_foot </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> i_Ca </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<divide/>
<ci> A_cap </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
<ci> V_myo </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> R_A_V </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- Hybrid Model based on Sachse et al. 2003 -->
<component cmeta:id="ATP" name="ATP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="ATP">
<dc:title>ATP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>adenosine triphosphate</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="ATP" initial_value="4.0"/>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="T" name="T">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="T">
<dc:title>T</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>troponin C</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="T" initial_value="1.0"/>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="TCa" name="TCa">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="TCa">
<dc:title>TCa</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>troponin C-calcium complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="TCa" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="second_order_rate_constant" name="kon" initial_value="100.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="koff" initial_value="160.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="TCa_lamda" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="lamda"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="T"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="S_A_M"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>TCa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kon </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<ci> S_A_M </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> lamda </ci>
<ci> TCa_lamda </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> T </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> koff </ci>
<ci> TCa </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="TMoff" name="TMoff">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="TMoff">
<dc:title>TMoff</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>inactive tropomyosin</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="TMoff" initial_value="1.0"/>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="TMon" name="TMon">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="TMon">
<dc:title>TMon</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>active tropomnyosin</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="TMon" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kmon" initial_value="60.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="kmoff" initial_value="280.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="TMoncoop" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="TMonpow" initial_value="2.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="lamda"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="TMoff"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="TCa"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>TMon</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kmon </ci>
<ci> TCa </ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> TMoncoop </ci>
<ci> lamda </ci>
</apply>
<ci> TMon </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> TMonpow </ci>
</apply>
<ci> TMoff </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> kmoff </ci>
<ci> TMon </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="M_ATP" name="M_ATP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="M_ATP">
<dc:title>M_ATP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>myosin ATP complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="M_ATP" initial_value="0.0385"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t2"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t3"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t14"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>M_ATP</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t2 </ci>
<ci> t14 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> t3 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="M_ADP_Pi" name="M_ADP_Pi">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="M_ADP_Pi">
<dc:title>M_ADP_Pi</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>myosin ADP inorganic phosphate complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="M_ADP_Pi" initial_value="0.3846"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t3"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t4"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t13"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>M_ADP_Pi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t3 </ci>
<ci> t13 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> t4 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A_M__ADP_Pi" name="A_M__ADP_Pi">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A_M__ADP_Pi">
<dc:title>A_M__ADP_Pi</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>loosely bound actin-myosin ADP inorganic phosphate complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A_M__ADP_Pi" initial_value="0.5769"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t5"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t4"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A_M__ADP_Pi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t4 </ci>
<ci> t5 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A_M_ADP_Pi" name="A_M_ADP_Pi">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A_M_ADP_Pi">
<dc:title>A_M_ADP_Pi</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>tightly bound actin-myosin ADP inorganic phosphate complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A_M_ADP_Pi" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t5"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t6"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t13"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A_M_ADP_Pi</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t5 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t6 </ci>
<ci> t13 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A_M__ADP" name="A_M__ADP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A_M__ADP">
<dc:title>A_M__ADP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>active actin-myosin ADP complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A_M__ADP" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t7"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t6"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t11"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A_M__ADP</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t6 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t7 </ci>
<ci> t11 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A_M_ADP" name="A_M_ADP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A_M_ADP">
<dc:title>A_M_ADP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>actin-myosin ADP complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A_M_ADP" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t7"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t8"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t10"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A_M_ADP</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t7 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t8 </ci>
<ci> t10 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A_M" name="A_M">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A_M">
<dc:title>A_M</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>actin-myosin complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A_M" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t9"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t8"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t1"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A_M</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t8 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t9 </ci>
<ci> t1 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="A__M_ATP" name="A__M_ATP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="A__M_ATP">
<dc:title>A__M_ATP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>loosely bound actin-myosin ATP complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="A__M_ATP" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t1"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t2"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>A__M_ATP</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> t1 </ci>
<ci> t2 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="M" name="M">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="M">
<dc:title>M</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>myosin</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="M" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t9"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t12"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t14"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>M</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t9 </ci>
<ci> t12 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> t14 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="M_ADP" name="M_ADP">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="M_ADP">
<dc:title>M_ADP</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>myosin-ADP complex</dcterms:alternative>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="M_ADP" initial_value="0.0"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t10"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t12"/>
<variable units="flux" public_interface="in" name="t11"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" name="time"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<apply>
<partialdiff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>M_ADP</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> t10 </ci>
<ci> t11 </ci>
</apply>
<ci> t12 </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component cmeta:id="S_A_M" name="S_A_M">
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="S_A_M">
<dc:title>S_A_M</dc:title>
<dcterms:alternative>strongly actin-myosin complex</dcterms:alternative> </rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="out" name="S_A_M"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>S_A_M</ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<ci> A_M_ADP_Pi </ci>
<ci> A_M__ADP </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP </ci>
<ci> A_M </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t1">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t1"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k1" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_1" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A__M_ATP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="ATP"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t1</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k1 </ci>
<ci> ATP </ci>
<ci> A_M </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_1 </ci>
<ci> A__M_ATP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t2">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t2"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k2" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A__M_ATP"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_detach"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t2</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k2 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> v_detach </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> A__M_ATP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t3">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t3"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k3" initial_value="150.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_3" initial_value="15.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="M_ATP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="M_ADP_Pi"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t3</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k3 </ci>
<ci> M_ATP </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_3 </ci>
<ci> M_ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t4">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t4"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k4" initial_value="1500.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_4" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="M_ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_detach"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t4</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k4 </ci>
<ci> M_ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_4 </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> v_detach </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> A_M__ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t5">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t5"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k5" initial_value="25.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_5" initial_value="8.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k5_lamda" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k5_xb" initial_value="2.1"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="TMon"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="lamda"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="S_A_M"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t5</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k5 </ci>
<ci> TMon </ci>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k5_lamda </ci>
<ci> lamda </ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 0.4 </cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k5_xb </ci>
<ci> S_A_M </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 2.0 </cn>
</apply>
<ci> A_M__ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_5 </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t6">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t6"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k6" initial_value="50.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_6" initial_value="20.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t6</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k6 </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_6 </ci>
<ci> A_M__ADP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t7">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t7"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k7" initial_value="30.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k7_base" initial_value="2.25"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k7_lamda" initial_value="1.25"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="k7_force" initial_value="1.0"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="F"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="lamda"/>
<variable units="m_per_s" public_interface="in" name="v"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t7</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k7 </ci>
<ci> A_M__ADP </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci> k7_base </ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k7_lamda </ci>
<ci> lamda </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci> v </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless"> 1.0 </cn>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k7_force </ci>
<ci> F </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t8">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t8"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k8" initial_value="200.0"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k_8" initial_value="5.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t8</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k8 </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k_8 </ci>
<ci> A_M </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t9">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t9"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k9" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t9</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k9 </ci>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> A_M </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t10">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t10"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k10" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t10</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k10 </ci>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t11">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t11"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k11" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M__ADP"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t11</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k11 </ci>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> A_M__ADP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t12">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t12"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k12" initial_value="50.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="M_ADP"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t12</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k12 </ci>
<ci> M_ADP </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t13">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t13"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k13" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" name="v_factor"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t13</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k13 </ci>
<ci> v_factor </ci>
<ci> A_M_ADP_Pi </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="t14">
<variable units="flux" public_interface="out" name="t14"/>
<variable units="first_order_rate_constant" name="k14" initial_value="1000.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="ATP"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="M"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>t14</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> k14 </ci>
<ci> ATP </ci>
<ci> M </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="v_factor">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="v_factor"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="Nv" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="m_per_s" name="v50" initial_value="3.0"/>
<variable units="m_per_s" public_interface="in" name="v"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>v_factor</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> v </ci>
<ci> Nv </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> v </ci>
<ci> Nv </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> v50 </ci>
<ci> Nv </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="F">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="F"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="Fmax" initial_value="0.524"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" name="nh" initial_value="5.0"/>
<variable units="micromolar" name="Ca50" initial_value="0.575"/>
<variable units="micromolar" public_interface="in" name="Cai"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq/>
<ci>F</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci> Fmax </ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> nh </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<plus/>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Cai </ci>
<ci> nh </ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci> Ca50 </ci>
<ci> nh </ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="parameters">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="v_detach" initial_value="10.0"/>
<variable units="m_per_s" public_interface="out" name="v"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" name="lamda" initial_value="1.1"/>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="membrane">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_t_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="sodium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_background_current"/>
<component_ref component="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<component_ref component="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<component_ref component="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<component_ref component="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<component_ref component="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<component_ref component="ionic_concentrations"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current">
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_m_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_h_gate"/>
<component_ref component="fast_sodium_current_j_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current">
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_d_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_gate"/>
<component_ref component="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current">
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_r_gate"/>
<component_ref component="transient_outward_current_t_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate"/>
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current">
<component_ref component="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="ionic_concentrations"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier_potassium_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="Na_Ca_exchanger" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_potassium_pump" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
<map_variables variable_2="R" variable_1="R"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="membrane"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Na" variable_1="i_Na"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="sodium_background_current" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Na" variable_1="E_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cao" variable_1="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ca" variable_1="i_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="calcium_background_current" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_Ca" variable_1="E_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_to" variable_1="i_to"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Ks" variable_1="i_Ks"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ki" variable_1="Ki"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_Kr" variable_1="i_Kr"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_K1" variable_1="i_K1"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Na_Ca_exchanger"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cao" variable_1="Cao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaCa" variable_1="i_NaCa"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Na" variable_1="i_b_Na"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_background_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_b_Ca" variable_1="i_b_Ca"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="sodium_potassium_pump"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nai" variable_1="Nai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Nao" variable_1="Nao"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ko" variable_1="Ko"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_NaK" variable_1="i_NaK"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="CICR_of_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_rel" variable_1="i_rel"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Ca_uptake_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_up" variable_1="i_up"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="Ca_leakage_of_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_leak" variable_1="i_leak"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="translocation_of_Ca_from_NSR_to_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="i_tr" variable_1="i_tr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_NSR" variable_1="Ca_NSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_myoplasm"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="calcium_buffers_in_the_JSR"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Ca_JSR" variable_1="Ca_JSR"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_m_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="m" variable_1="m"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_h_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="h" variable_1="h"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="fast_sodium_current_j_gate" component_1="fast_sodium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="j" variable_1="j"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_d_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="d" variable_1="d"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_f_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f" variable_1="f"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slow_calcium_current_f_Ca_gate" component_1="slow_calcium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="f_Ca" variable_1="f_Ca"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_t_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t" variable_1="t"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="transient_outward_current_r_gate" component_1="transient_outward_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="r" variable_1="r"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xs_gate" component_1="slowly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xs" variable_1="Xs"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current_Xr_gate" component_1="rapidly_activating_delayed_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Xr" variable_1="Xr"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="inward_rectifier_potassium_current_K1_gate" component_1="inward_rectifier_potassium_current"/>
<map_variables variable_2="alpha_K1" variable_1="alpha_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="beta_K1" variable_1="beta_K1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="E_K" variable_1="E_K"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
<map_variables variable_2="V" variable_1="V"/>
</connection>
<!-- hybrid model connections -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="M_ATP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A_M__ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A_M__ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A_M_ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="A__M_ATP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="M_ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="TCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="TMon"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M" component_1="t1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t1" variable_1="t1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M" variable_1="A_M"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A__M_ATP" component_1="t1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t1" variable_1="t1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A__M_ATP" variable_1="A__M_ATP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ATP" component_1="t1"/>
<map_variables variable_2="ATP" variable_1="ATP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A__M_ATP" component_1="t2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A__M_ATP" variable_1="A__M_ATP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t2" variable_1="t2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ATP" component_1="t2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t2" variable_1="t2"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="t2"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_detach" variable_1="v_detach"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ATP" component_1="t3"/>
<map_variables variable_2="M_ATP" variable_1="M_ATP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t3" variable_1="t3"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t3"/>
<map_variables variable_2="M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t3" variable_1="t3"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t4"/>
<map_variables variable_2="M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t4" variable_1="t4"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP_Pi" component_1="t4"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M__ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t4" variable_1="t4"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t4"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="t4"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_detach" variable_1="v_detach"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="t5"/>
<map_variables variable_2="lamda" variable_1="lamda"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="TMon" component_1="t5"/>
<map_variables variable_2="TMon" variable_1="TMon"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="S_A_M" component_1="t5"/>
<map_variables variable_2="S_A_M" variable_1="S_A_M"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP_Pi" component_1="t5"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M__ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t5" variable_1="t5"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t5"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t5" variable_1="t5"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t6"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t6" variable_1="t6"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP" component_1="t6"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP" variable_1="A_M__ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t6" variable_1="t6"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP" component_1="t7"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP" variable_1="A_M__ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t7" variable_1="t7"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP" component_1="t7"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t7" variable_1="t7"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="t7"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v" variable_1="v"/>
<map_variables variable_2="lamda" variable_1="lamda"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="F" component_1="t7"/>
<map_variables variable_2="F" variable_1="F"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP" component_1="t8"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP" variable_1="A_M_ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t8" variable_1="t8"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M" component_1="t8"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M" variable_1="A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t8" variable_1="t8"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M" component_1="t9"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M" variable_1="A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t9" variable_1="t9"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="M" component_1="t9"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t9" variable_1="t9"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t9"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP" component_1="t10"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t10" variable_1="t10"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP" component_1="t10"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP" variable_1="A_M_ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t10" variable_1="t10"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t10"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP" component_1="t11"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP" variable_1="A_M__ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t11" variable_1="t11"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP" component_1="t11"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t11" variable_1="t11"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t11"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP" component_1="t12"/>
<map_variables variable_2="M_ADP" variable_1="M_ADP"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t12" variable_1="t12"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M" component_1="t12"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t12" variable_1="t12"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t13"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t13" variable_1="t13"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ADP_Pi" component_1="t13"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t13" variable_1="t13"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="v_factor" component_1="t13"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v_factor" variable_1="v_factor"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M" component_1="t14"/>
<map_variables variable_2="M" variable_1="M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t14" variable_1="t14"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_ATP" component_1="t14"/>
<map_variables variable_2="t14" variable_1="t14"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ATP" component_1="t14"/>
<map_variables variable_2="ATP" variable_1="ATP"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="S_A_M" component_1="TCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="S_A_M" variable_1="S_A_M"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="T" component_1="TCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="T" variable_1="T"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="TCa" component_1="TMon"/>
<map_variables variable_2="TCa" variable_1="TCa"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="v_factor"/>
<map_variables variable_2="v" variable_1="v"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" component_1="S_A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP_Pi" variable_1="A_M_ADP_Pi"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M__ADP" component_1="S_A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M__ADP" variable_1="A_M__ADP"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M_ADP" component_1="S_A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M_ADP" variable_1="A_M_ADP"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="A_M" component_1="S_A_M"/>
<map_variables variable_2="A_M" variable_1="A_M"/>
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<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="TCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="lamda" variable_1="lamda"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameters" component_1="TMon"/>
<map_variables variable_2="lamda" variable_1="lamda"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="TMoff" component_1="TMon"/>
<map_variables variable_2="TMoff" variable_1="TMoff"/>
</connection>
<!-- connecting the two models -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="F"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="ionic_concentrations" component_1="TCa"/>
<map_variables variable_2="Cai" variable_1="Cai"/>
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The University of Auckland, The Bioengineering Institute
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Quantitative Reconstruction of Cardiac Electromechanics in Human Myocardium: Regional Heterogeneity
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Seemann et al's mathematical model of cardiac electromechanics in human myocardium.
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