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<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Extracellular And Intracellular Calcium Effects On Pancreatic Beta-Cells</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The university of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This CellML model runs in both OpenCell and COR to reproduce the published results. The value for the variable 'Ca_o' in the component 'calcium_current' can be altered to 0, 2.5, 5 or 7.5 mM to reproduce figures 5 a,b,c,d, respectively.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
ABSTRACT: The extracellular calcium concentration has interesting effects on bursting of pancreatic beta-cells. The mechanism underlying the extracellular Ca2+ effect is not well understood. By incorporating a low-threshold transient inward current to the store-operated bursting model of Chay, this paper elucidates the role of the extracellular Ca2+ concentration in influencing electrical activity, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and the luminal Ca2+ concentration in the intracellular Ca2+ store. The possibility that this inward current is a carbachol-sensitive and TTX-insensitive Na+ current discovered by others is discussed. In addition, this paper explains how these three variables respond when various pharmacological agents are applied to the store-operated model.
</para>
<para>
The original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
Effects of extracellular Calcium on Electrical Bursting and Intracellular and Luminal Calcium Oscillations in Insulin Secreting Pancreatic Beta-Cells, Teresa Ree Chay, 1997,
<emphasis>Biophysical Journal</emphasis>
, 73, 1673-1688. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=9284334&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 9284334</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_cell_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>diagram of the mitochondrial Ca2+ handling model</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="chay_1997.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic representation of the current and fluxes captured by the Chay 1997 pancreatic beta-cell model. This diagram shows the plasma membrane currents associated with burst and spike oscillations: the fast current, I<subscript>fast</subscript>; the calcium current, I <subscript>Ca<superscript>2+</superscript>
</subscript>; the cationic nonselective inward current, I<subscript>NS</subscript>; the delayed-rectifying K<superscript>+</superscript> current, I<subscript>K(dr)</subscript>, the calcium-sensitive K<superscript>+</superscript> current, I<subscript>K(Ca)</subscript>; the ATP-sensitive K<superscript>+</superscript> current, I<subscript>K(ATP)</subscript>; and the Na<superscript>+</superscript> leak current, I<subscript>Na(L)</subscript>. The ER intracellular Ca<superscript>2+</superscript> store is also shown with its associated transmembrane calcium fluxes: calcium release, J<subscript>rel</subscript>; and calcium uptake by the Ca<superscript>2+</superscript>-ATPase, J<subscript>pump</subscript>.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
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<variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second"/>
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<variable name="Ca_i" public_interface="in" units="micromolar"/>
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<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
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<plus/>
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<times/>
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</apply>
</apply>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<connection>
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<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">The Chay et al 1997 mathematical model of the effects of extracellular
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<dc:title xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">Effects of extracellular calcium on electrical bursting and intracellular and luminal calcium oscillations in insulin secreting pancreatic beta-cells</dc:title>
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<dc:creator xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#ece923a6-30c1-47a9-b3b1-3909eda215f2"/>
<rdf:value>This model runs in PCEnv and COR and is able to reproduce the figures presented in the Chay 1997 paper. This version has a PCEnv session file associated with it.
The session shows three electrophysiological graphs (x-axis is time in seconds): membrane potential (mV), intracellular cytosolic calcium and intracellular (luminal / endoplasmic reticulum) calcium. The value for the variable 'Ca_o' in the component 'calcium_current' can be altered to 0, 2.5, 5 or 7.5 mM to reproduce figures 5 a,b,c,d, respectively.</rdf:value>
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<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">James</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Lawson</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Richard</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$szI6R1">
<ns7:boundIntervals xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#$tzI6R1"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ac28220c-dc7d-4675-a1f8-e96ab61711c1">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Teresa</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Chay</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Ree</vCard:Other>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#54dc0efc-e194-433f-9ad9-cc28c0acf72b">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
<rdf:value>c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#ff9885dd-8329-4566-90ce-9cb51418006c">
<vCard:ORG xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#b6ea36ce-7211-433b-b3c4-73bb7b83af1f"/>
<vCard:EMAIL xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#54dc0efc-e194-433f-9ad9-cc28c0acf72b"/>
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#9ce2cfb8-26d1-4434-a964-2ec9582e1204"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4f813ce0-f7d1-4d70-a28b-fa9487d2abf9">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#58390b2b-86cc-4d41-a65f-ae3dbfa61add"/>
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<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#3ee27592-159c-4faa-9c7a-22d32346dc0b"/>
<rdf:value>Added publication date information.</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#c963df5c-bb43-490d-baa3-587ac6d67bb0"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#463030a1-9c73-4da9-9b90-71263df03307">
<dcterms:modified xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rdf:resource="rdf:#e5070e94-6bd9-4e8d-a860-997bc55aac36"/>
<rdf:value>Units checked, curated.</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#4f813ce0-f7d1-4d70-a28b-fa9487d2abf9"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$tzI6R1">
<rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
<rdf:first rdf:resource="rdf:#$uzI6R1"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$uzI6R1">
<ns7:endingValue xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">100</ns7:endingValue>
<ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">1000000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
<ns7:maximumStepSize xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#">0.01</ns7:maximumStepSize>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#12a2d14a-4cbc-4962-8793-966a6b2cee3a">
<dcterms:W3CDTF xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/">1997-09</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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<bqs:subject_type xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#">keyword</bqs:subject_type>
<rdf:value rdf:resource="rdf:#a2cc4365-2f2f-4903-9cbc-dc863978ea00"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0855ba44-9c92-4224-8182-c79ef9d998e0">
<dc:subject xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" rdf:resource="rdf:#6bfba5f6-415b-466a-aff1-49fd37869b6e"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c3e37a47-326f-4f3c-81bc-def220c86f52">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#9957dbbd-a1b4-40c7-b49e-502606ec0c36"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8180d95a-0164-47c3-bb69-9939c6a0c5ec">
<vCard:Given xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Autumn</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">Cuellar</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">A</vCard:Other>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#d6aeccde-f29c-47e6-b2d6-7cf9e8e3523a">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#092f5120-d5e6-42cb-802c-44e04672abe8"/>
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<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c963df5c-bb43-490d-baa3-587ac6d67bb0">
<vCard:N xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" rdf:resource="rdf:#8180d95a-0164-47c3-bb69-9939c6a0c5ec"/>
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</model>
