- Author:
- Dewan Sarwar <sarwarcse@gmail.com>
- Date:
- 2019-02-12 08:57:37+13:00
- Desc:
- updated Hodgkin and Huxley modelof qualifier
- Permanent Source URI:
- http://models.cellml.org/workspace/584/rawfile/d31daa83b38087509034d47185f22dfb63ceb919/Smith_2004.cellml
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<articleinfo>
<title>Minimal haemodynamic system model including ventricular interaction and valve dynamics.</title>
<author>
<firstname>Geoffrey</firstname>
<surname>Nunns</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>This CellML model will run in PCEnv and OpenCell to recreate the published results. Note that the model will not run in COR because it contains differential algebraic equations (DAEs). The CellML transaltion of the model is based on the original Matlab code obtained from the model authors. However, the CellML model will only simulate 14 heart beats, because if statements (piecewise equations) were used instead of a remainder operator to cycle the heart beat, but this number of beats can be increased if desired.</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>Abstract: Characterising circulatory dysfunction and choosing a suitable treatment is often difficult and time consuming, and can result in a deterioration in patient condition, or unsuitable therapy choices. A stable minimal model of the human cardiovascular system (CVS) is developed with the ultimate specific aim of assisting medical staff for rapid, on site modelling to assist in diagnosis and treatment. Models found in the literature simulate specific areas of the CVS with limited direct usefulness to medical staff. Others model the full CVS as a closed loop system, but they were found to be very complex, difficult to solve, or unstable. This paper develops a model that uses a minimal number of governing equations with the primary goal of accurately capturing trends in the CVS dynamics in a simple, easily solved, robust model. The model is shown to have long term stability and consistency with non-specific initial conditions as a result. An "open on pressure close on flow" valve law is created to capture the effects of inertia and the resulting dynamics of blood flow through the cardiac valves. An accurate, stable solution is performed using a method that varies the number of states in the model depending on the specific phase of the cardiac cycle, better matching the real physiological conditions. Examples of results include a 9% drop in cardiac output when increasing the thoracic pressure from -4 to 0 mmHg, and an increase in blood pressure from 120/80 to 165/130 mmHg when the systemic resistance is doubled. These results show that the model adequately provides appropriate magnitudes and trends that are in agreement with existing data for a variety of physiologically verified test cases simulating human CVS function.</para>
<para>The complete original paper reference is cited below:</para>
<para>
Minimal haemodynamic system model including ventricular interaction and valve dynamics, Bram W Smith, J Geoffrey Chase, Roger I Nokes, Geoffrey M Shaw, Graeme Wake, 2004,
<emphasis>Medical Engineering and Physics</emphasis>
, 26, 131-139.
<ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=15036180&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 15036180</ulink>
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="fig_reaction_diagram">
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<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="shaw_2007.png" />
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<caption>Schematic diagram of the minimal closed loop model of the cardiovascular system.</caption>
</informalfigure>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second2">0</cn>
<apply>
<and />
<apply>
<lt />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>P_rv</ci>
<ci>P_pa</ci>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="kPa">0</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<divide />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>P_rv</ci>
<ci>P_pa</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<ci>R_pv</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>L_pv</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="rvf_calculator">
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.V_rvf" name="V_rvf" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.P_0_rvf" name="P_0_rvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.P_es_rvf" name="P_es_rvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.lambda_rvf" name="lambda_rvf" public_interface="out" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.E_es_rvf" name="E_es_rvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.P_ed_rvf" name="P_ed_rvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.V_0_rvf" name="V_0_rvf" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="rvf_calculator.V_d_rvf" name="V_d_rvf" units="mL" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_es_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>E_es_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_rvf</ci>
<ci>V_d_rvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_ed_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>P_0_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_rvf</ci>
<ci>V_0_rvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="septum">
<variable cmeta:id="septum.P_lv" name="P_lv" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.P_rv" name="P_rv" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.V_lv" name="V_lv" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.E_es_lvf" name="E_es_lvf" public_interface="in" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.one" name="one" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.P_0_lvf" name="P_0_lvf" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.lambda_rvf" name="lambda_rvf" public_interface="in" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.V_0_spt" name="V_0_spt" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.lambda_lvf" name="lambda_lvf" public_interface="in" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.E_es_rvf" name="E_es_rvf" public_interface="in" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.P_0_rvf" name="P_0_rvf" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.lambda_spt" name="lambda_spt" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.P_0_spt" name="P_0_spt" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.V_spt" name="V_spt" public_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.E_es_spt" name="E_es_spt" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.V_d_spt" name="V_d_spt" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.V_rv" name="V_rv" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="septum.e_t" name="e_t" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="kPa">0</cn>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>e_t</ci>
<ci>E_es_spt</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_spt</ci>
<ci>V_d_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>one</ci>
<ci>e_t</ci>
</apply>
<ci>P_0_spt</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_spt</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_spt</ci>
<ci>V_0_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>one</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>e_t</ci>
<ci>E_es_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_lv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>e_t</ci>
</apply>
<ci>P_0_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_lv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>e_t</ci>
<ci>E_es_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>V_rv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>e_t</ci>
</apply>
<ci>P_0_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>V_rv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="pulmonary_artery">
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.R_pv" name="R_pv" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.E_es_pa" name="E_es_pa" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.P_rv" name="P_rv" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.P_th" name="P_th" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.P_pu" name="P_pu" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.Q_pul" name="Q_pul" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.Q_pv" name="Q_pv" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.R_pul" name="R_pul" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery_V_pa" name="V_pa" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.P_pa" name="P_pa" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pulmonary_artery.V_d_pa" name="V_d_pa" units="mL" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_pa</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>E_es_pa</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_pa</ci>
<ci>V_d_pa</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<ci>P_th</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V_pa</ci>
</apply>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_pul</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<ci>Q_pul</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="left_ventricle">
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_es_lvf" name="P_es_lvf" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_lvf" name="P_lvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.lambda_lvf" name="lambda_lvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_ed_lvf" name="P_ed_lvf" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_ao" name="P_ao" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.V_spt" name="V_spt" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_0_lvf" name="P_0_lvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_peri" name="P_peri" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.Q_av" name="Q_av" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.R_av" name="R_av" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.Q_mt" name="Q_mt" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.V_lvf" name="V_lvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle_P_lv" name="P_lv" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.E_es_lvf" name="E_es_lvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle_V_lv" name="V_lv" public_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.e_t" name="e_t" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.R_mt" name="R_mt" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="left_ventricle.P_pu" name="P_pu" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>V_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_lv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>e_t</ci>
<ci>P_es_lvf</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>e_t</ci>
</apply>
<ci>P_ed_lvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_lv</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>P_lvf</ci>
<ci>P_peri</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V_lv</ci>
</apply>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
<apply>
<and />
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_mt</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_av</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</piece>
<piece>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_av</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_mt</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<piece>
<ci>Q_mt</ci>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_av</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_mt</ci>
<ci>Q_av</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="aorta">
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.P_vc" name="P_vc" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta_P_ao" name="P_ao" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.Q_sys" name="Q_sys" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.E_es_ao" name="E_es_ao" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.P_lv" name="P_lv" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta_V_ao" name="V_ao" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.R_sys" name="R_sys" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.V_d_ao" name="V_d_ao" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.Q_av" name="Q_av" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="aorta.R_av" name="R_av" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_ao</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>E_es_ao</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_ao</ci>
<ci>V_d_ao</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V_ao</ci>
</apply>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_sys</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_av</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_av</ci>
<ci>Q_sys</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="environment">
<variable cmeta:id="environment_time" name="time" public_interface="out" units="second" />
</component>
<component name="right_ventricle">
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_ed_rvf" name="P_ed_rvf" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.R_pv" name="R_pv" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle_V_rv" name="V_rv" public_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle_P_rv" name="P_rv" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.V_rvf" name="V_rvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.e_t" name="e_t" public_interface="in" units="dimensionless" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.Q_pv" name="Q_pv" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_0_rvf" name="P_0_rvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.lambda_rvf" name="lambda_rvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_es_rvf" name="P_es_rvf" private_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.E_es_rvf" name="E_es_rvf" public_interface="out" private_interface="in" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_vc" name="P_vc" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_rvf" name="P_rvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.Q_tc" name="Q_tc" public_interface="in" units="mL_per_second" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.R_tc" name="R_tc" public_interface="in" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.time" name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_pa" name="P_pa" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.V_spt" name="V_spt" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="right_ventricle.P_peri" name="P_peri" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>V_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>V_rv</ci>
<ci>V_spt</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_rvf</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>e_t</ci>
<ci>P_es_rvf</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times />
<apply>
<minus />
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<ci>e_t</ci>
</apply>
<ci>P_ed_rvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_rv</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>P_rvf</ci>
<ci>P_peri</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<apply>
<diff />
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>V_rv</ci>
</apply>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
<apply>
<and />
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_tc</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</piece>
<piece>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_tc</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<piece>
<ci>Q_tc</ci>
<apply>
<lt />
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="mL_per_second">0</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>Q_tc</ci>
<ci>Q_pv</ci>
</apply>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="heart_parameters">
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters_R_sys" name="R_sys" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.L_tc" name="L_tc" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second2_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.P_th" name="P_th" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters_R_tc" name="R_tc" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.V_tot" name="V_tot" public_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters_R_av" name="R_av" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters_R_pul" name="R_pul" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters_R_pv" name="R_pv" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.L_mt" name="L_mt" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second2_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.R_mt" name="R_mt" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.L_av" name="L_av" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second2_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="heart_parameters.L_pv" name="L_pv" public_interface="out" units="kPa_second2_per_mL" />
</component>
<component name="lvf_calculator">
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.P_0_lvf" name="P_0_lvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.E_es_lvf" name="E_es_lvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa_per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.V_lvf" name="V_lvf" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.lambda_lvf" name="lambda_lvf" public_interface="out" units="per_mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.P_ed_lvf" name="P_ed_lvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.V_0_lvf" name="V_0_lvf" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.V_d_lvf" name="V_d_lvf" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="lvf_calculator.P_es_lvf" name="P_es_lvf" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_es_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>E_es_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_lvf</ci>
<ci>V_d_lvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_ed_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>P_0_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_lvf</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_lvf</ci>
<ci>V_0_lvf</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<component name="pericardium">
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.V_rv" name="V_rv" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.V_pcd" name="V_pcd" public_interface="out" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.P_pcd" name="P_pcd" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.V_lv" name="V_lv" public_interface="in" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.P_th" name="P_th" public_interface="in" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.P_peri" name="P_peri" public_interface="out" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.P_0_pcd" name="P_0_pcd" units="kPa" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.V_0_pcd" name="V_0_pcd" units="mL" />
<variable cmeta:id="pericardium.lambda_pcd" name="lambda_pcd" units="per_mL" />
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>V_pcd</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>V_lv</ci>
<ci>V_rv</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_pcd</ci>
<apply>
<times />
<ci>P_0_pcd</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<apply>
<exp />
<apply>
<times />
<ci>lambda_pcd</ci>
<apply>
<minus />
<ci>V_pcd</ci>
<ci>V_0_pcd</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<cn xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply>
<eq />
<ci>P_peri</ci>
<apply>
<plus />
<ci>P_pcd</ci>
<ci>P_th</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation" />
<component_ref component="left_ventricle">
<component_ref component="lvf_calculator" />
</component_ref>
<component_ref component="right_ventricle">
<component_ref component="rvf_calculator" />
</component_ref>
</group>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="septum" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_spt" variable_2="V_spt" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="vena_cava" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_rv" variable_2="P_rv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="driver_function" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="pulmonary_vein" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_mt" variable_2="Q_mt" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_pul" variable_2="Q_pul" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="septum" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_spt" variable_2="V_spt" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_artery" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pa" variable_2="P_pa" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="rvf_calculator" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_rvf" variable_2="V_rvf" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_artery" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pa" variable_2="P_pa" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="aorta" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_sys" variable_2="Q_sys" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_av" variable_2="Q_av" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="aorta" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_ao" variable_2="P_ao" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="septum" />
<map_variables variable_1="E_es_lvf" variable_2="E_es_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_lv" variable_2="P_lv" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_0_lvf" variable_2="P_0_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_lv" variable_2="V_lv" />
<map_variables variable_1="lambda_lvf" variable_2="lambda_lvf" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="driver_function" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="e_t" variable_2="e_t" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="pulmonary_artery" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_rv" variable_2="P_rv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_lv" variable_2="P_lv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_vein" component_2="pulmonary_artery" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pu" variable_2="P_pu" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="driver_function" component_2="septum" />
<map_variables variable_1="e_t" variable_2="e_t" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pericardium" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_peri" variable_2="P_peri" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="lvf_calculator" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_lvf" variable_2="V_lvf" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="driver_function" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="e_t" variable_2="e_t" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="vena_cava" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_sys" variable_2="Q_sys" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_tc" variable_2="Q_tc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="pericardium" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_lv" variable_2="V_lv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="pulmonary_artery" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="septum" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_0_rvf" variable_2="P_0_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="lambda_rvf" variable_2="lambda_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_rv" variable_2="P_rv" />
<map_variables variable_1="E_es_rvf" variable_2="E_es_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_rv" variable_2="V_rv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="vena_cava" component_2="aorta" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_vc" variable_2="P_vc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="pulmonary_artery" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_pul" variable_2="Q_pul" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_pv" variable_2="Q_pv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="vena_cava" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="pericardium" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_th" variable_2="P_th" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="aorta" component_2="vena_cava" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_ao" variable_2="P_ao" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="vena_cava" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_sys" variable_2="R_sys" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_tc" variable_2="R_tc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_artery" component_2="pulmonary_vein" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pa" variable_2="P_pa" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="vena_cava" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_vc" variable_2="P_vc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="pulmonary_vein" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_lv" variable_2="P_lv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_mt" variable_2="Q_mt" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_av" variable_2="Q_av" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_vein" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pu" variable_2="P_pu" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="aorta" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="pericardium" />
<map_variables variable_1="V_rv" variable_2="V_rv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="L_tc" variable_2="L_tc" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pv" variable_2="R_pv" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_sys" variable_2="R_sys" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_av" variable_2="R_av" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pul" variable_2="R_pul" />
<map_variables variable_1="L_av" variable_2="L_av" />
<map_variables variable_1="L_pv" variable_2="L_pv" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_tc" variable_2="R_tc" />
<map_variables variable_1="L_mt" variable_2="L_mt" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_mt" variable_2="R_mt" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_av" variable_2="R_av" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_mt" variable_2="R_mt" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="vena_cava" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_vc" variable_2="P_vc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pulmonary_vein" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_pu" variable_2="P_pu" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="right_ventricle" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_rv" variable_2="P_rv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="pulmonary_vein" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pul" variable_2="R_pul" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_th" variable_2="P_th" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_mt" variable_2="R_mt" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="aorta" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_sys" variable_2="R_sys" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_av" variable_2="R_av" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="left_ventricle" component_2="aorta" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_lv" variable_2="P_lv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="aorta" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_ao" variable_2="P_ao" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="flow" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_tc" variable_2="Q_tc" />
<map_variables variable_1="Q_pv" variable_2="Q_pv" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="lvf_calculator" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="E_es_lvf" variable_2="E_es_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_es_lvf" variable_2="P_es_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_ed_lvf" variable_2="P_ed_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="lambda_lvf" variable_2="lambda_lvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_0_lvf" variable_2="P_0_lvf" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="pulmonary_vein" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="environment" component_2="flow" />
<map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="rvf_calculator" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_es_rvf" variable_2="P_es_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="lambda_rvf" variable_2="lambda_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="E_es_rvf" variable_2="E_es_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_0_rvf" variable_2="P_0_rvf" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_ed_rvf" variable_2="P_ed_rvf" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="pulmonary_artery" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pv" variable_2="R_pv" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pul" variable_2="R_pul" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_th" variable_2="P_th" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="heart_parameters" component_2="right_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_pv" variable_2="R_pv" />
<map_variables variable_1="R_tc" variable_2="R_tc" />
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_1="pericardium" component_2="left_ventricle" />
<map_variables variable_1="P_peri" variable_2="P_peri" />
</connection>
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<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_9670" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_5" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_10">
<ro:part_of>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_11">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_9466" />
</rdf:Description>
</ro:part_of>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_9670" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow from the left ventricle through the atrial valve to the aorta.</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Blood flow through aortic valve</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow through atrial valve</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.E_es_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular free wall end systolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.V_rv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_31">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricle blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.Q_tc">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_59">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#process_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow across tricuspid valve</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#vena_cava.P_rv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_2">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.P_lv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_51">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.R_pv">
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.R_sys">
<dcterms:description>Systemic circulatory fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters.V_tot">
<dcterms:description>Total blood volume in the body</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.P_ed_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end diastolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.P_ed_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end diastolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#driver_function.e_t">
<dcterms:description>Heart beat driver function</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.e_t">
<dcterms:description>Heart beat driver function</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.lambda_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right Ventricular Freewall Diastolic Exponential Parameter</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.lambda_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left Ventricular Freewall Diastolic Exponential Parameter</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.E_es_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end systolic elastance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters.P_th">
<dcterms:description>Thoracic cavity pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.lambda_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left Ventricular Freewall Diastolic Exponential Parameter</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle_P_rv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_55">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.P_pa">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_6">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_6" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.Q_mt">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_43">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_3">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sink_3" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_3" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_8" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow from the pulmonary vein through the mitral valve to the left ventricle.</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Blood flow through mitral valve</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow through mitrial valve</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.V_spt">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_61">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_13">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_7180" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01061" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Septal wall volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.V_rv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_64">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricle blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.P_es_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular freewall end systolic blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#driver_function.time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.E_es_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end systolic elastance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein_V_pu">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_9">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_8" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary venous blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.P_es_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end systolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#driver_function.period">
<dcterms:description>Length of Heart Contraction</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.P_0_lvf">
<dcterms:description>End diastolic pressure across the left ventricular wall</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.R_av">
<dcterms:description>Atrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.P_th">
<dcterms:description>Thoracic cavity pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters.L_tc">
<dcterms:description>Tricuspid valve fluid inertance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#vena_cava.R_sys">
<dcterms:description>Systemic circulatory fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.L_av">
<dcterms:description>Atrial valve fluid inertance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.P_pu">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_47">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_8" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary venous blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.E_es_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular free wall end systolic elastance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.E_es_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end systolic elastance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#environment_time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.R_av">
<dcterms:description>Atrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.P_peri">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_68">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_16">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_9887" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pericardial blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.P_rv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_32">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.V_lvf">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_63">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#entity_17">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_9556" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01061" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Volume of the free wall of the left ventricle</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.Q_pv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_35">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_4">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sink_4" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_6" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_4" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_4" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow from the right ventricle through the pulmonary valve to the pulmonary artery.</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Blood flow through pulmonary valve</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow through pulmonary valve</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.P_0_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end diastolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.lambda_pcd">
<dcterms:description>Pericardial Diastolic Exponential Parameter</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.P_ed_lvf">
<dcterms:description>End diastolic pressure across the left ventricular free wall</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.R_av">
<dcterms:description>Atrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters.L_mt">
<dcterms:description>Mitrial valve fluid inertance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.time">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01023" />
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters.R_mt">
<dcterms:description>Mitrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#vena_cava.V_d_vc">
<dcterms:description>Vena cava volume at zero pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.Q_sys">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_50">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#process_1">
<semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#sink_1" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_2" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSinkParticipant>
<semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#source_1" semsim:hasMultiplier="1.0">
<semsim:hasPhysicalEntityReference rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:hasSourceParticipant>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow from the aorta through systemic system to the vena cava.</dcterms:description>
<semsim:name>Systemic circulatory blood flow</semsim:name>
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:physicalPropertyOf>
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Systemic circulatory blood flow</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.R_tc">
<dcterms:description>Tricuspid valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.R_mt">
<dcterms:description>Mitrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.V_d_spt">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_30">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Septal wall volume at zero pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.Q_mt">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_10">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#process_3" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood flow through mitrial valve</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.V_d_pa">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_38">
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary arterial blood volume at zero pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.P_lv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_21">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.R_pv">
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.P_0_pcd">
<dcterms:description>End diastolic pressure across the pericardium</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.P_vc">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_58">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_2" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood Pressure in the Vena Cava</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.P_th">
<dcterms:description>Thoracic cavity pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.P_th">
<dcterms:description>Thoracic cavity pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta_P_ao">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_49">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pressure in systemic arteries</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters_R_pul">
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary circulatory fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.P_ao">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_12">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pressure in systemic arteries</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters_R_tc">
<dcterms:description>Tricuspid valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.P_es_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall end systolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.V_d_ao">
<dcterms:description>Aortic blood volume at zero pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle_V_lv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_46">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Volume of blood contained in left ventricle</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.P_pa">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_37">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_6" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.P_lv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_25">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.V_0_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular free wall volume at end diastolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.P_pu">
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<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#vena_cava.P_ao">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_0">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_0" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pressure in systemic arteries</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pericardium.V_lv">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_67">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_10" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00154" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Volume of blood contained in left ventricle</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.lambda_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right Ventricular Freewall Diastolic Exponential Parameter</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.P_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Pressure across the right ventricular free wall</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#septum.e_t">
<dcterms:description>Heart beat driver function</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#aorta.E_es_ao">
<dcterms:description>Aortic end systolic elastance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_vein.R_pul">
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary circulatory fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.V_rvf">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_56">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_12" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01061" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.P_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Pressure across the left ventricular freewall</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.V_lvf">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_44">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_17" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_01061" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Volume of the free wall of the left ventricle</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#rvf_calculator.V_0_rvf">
<dcterms:description>Right ventricular free wall volume at end diastolic pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters_R_sys">
<dcterms:description>Systemic circulatory fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.P_peri">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_62">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_16" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pericardial blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pulmonary_artery.Q_pul">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_34">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#process_2" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00299" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary blood flow</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#left_ventricle.P_peri">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_41">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_16" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pericardial blood volume</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#flow.P_pu">
<semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#property_19">
<semsim:physicalPropertyOf rdf:resource="#entity_8" />
<semsim:hasPhysicalDefinition rdf:resource="http://identifiers.org/opb/OPB_00509" />
</rdf:Description>
</semsim:isComputationalComponentFor>
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary venous blood pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#heart_parameters_R_av">
<dcterms:description>Atrial valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#right_ventricle.R_pv">
<dcterms:description>Pulmonary valve fluid resistance</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#lvf_calculator.V_d_lvf">
<dcterms:description>Left ventricular free wall volume at end zero pressure</dcterms:description>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>
