- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2008-11-18 02:33:22+13:00
- Desc:
- committing version02 of guyton_muscle_oxygen_delivery_2008
- Permanent Source URI:
- http://models.cellml.org/workspace/guyton_muscle_oxygen_delivery_2008/rawfile/027de39e1ee74eb80f09e316acc9bc5c87ba252e/guyton_muscle_oxygen_delivery_2008.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<model xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.1#" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#" xmlns:ns7="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/simulation/1.0#" cmeta:id="muscle_O2_delivery_CellML1_0_model" name="muscle_O2_delivery_CellML1_0_model">
<!-- ======================================== DOCUMENTATION ============================================= -->
<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Guyton Model: muscle_O2_delivery</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
</author>
</articleinfo>
<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This CellML model has been validated. Due to the differences between procedural code (in this case C-code) and declarative languages (CellML), some aspects of the original model were
not able to be encapsulated by the CellML model (such as the damping of variables). This may effect the transient behaviour of the model, however the steady-state behaviour would remain
the same. The equations in this file and the steady-state output from the model conform to the results from the MODSIM program.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
Arthur Guyton (1919-2003) was an American physiologist who became famous for his 1950s experiments in which he studied the physiology of cardiac output and its relationship with the peripheral circulation. The results of these experiments challenged the conventional wisdom that it was the heart itself that controlled cardiac output. Instead Guyton demonstrated that it was the need of the body tissues for oxygen which was the real regulator of cardiac output. The "Guyton Curves" describe the relationship between right atrial pressures and cardiac output, and they form a foundation for understanding the physiology of circulation.
</para>
<para>
The Guyton model of fluid, electrolyte, and circulatory regulation is an extensive mathematical model of human circulatory physiology, capable of simulating a variety of experimental conditions, and contains a number of linked subsystems relating to circulation and its neuroendocrine control.
</para>
<para>
This is a CellML translation of the Guyton model of the regulation of the circulatory system. The complete model consists of separate modules each of which characterise a separate physiological subsystems. The Circulation Dynamics is the primary system, to which other modules/blocks are connected. The other modules characterise the dynamics of the kidney, electrolytes and cell water, thirst and drinking, hormone regulation, autonomic regulation, cardiovascular system etc, and these feedback on the central circulation model. The CellML code in these modules is based on the C code from the programme C-MODSIM created by Dr Jean-Pierre Montani.
</para>
<para>
The tissues of the body are divided into non-muscle tissues and muscle tissues, and the delivery of oxygen to each one of these is calculated separately. The principal reason for this separation is that during muscle activity, the delivery of oxygen to the muscles increases tremendously and correspondingly affects the blood flow through the muscles. This particular CellML model describes the delivery of oxygen to the muscle, and several aspects of local cellular usage of oxygen are also calculated.
</para>
<informalfigure float="0" id="full_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="full_model.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A systems analysis diagram for the full Guyton model describing circulation regulation.</caption>
</informalfigure>
<informalfigure float="0" id="muscle_O2_delivery_diagram">
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<objectinfo>
<title>model diagram</title>
</objectinfo>
<imagedata fileref="m_o2.png"/>
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
<caption>A schematic diagram of the components and processes described in the current CellML model.</caption>
</informalfigure>
<para>
There are several publications referring to the Guyton model. One of these papers is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.ph.34.030172.000305">Circulation: Overall Regulation</ulink>, A.C. Guyton, T.G. Coleman, and H.J. Granger, 1972, <ulink url="http://www.biophysj.org/">
<emphasis>Annual Review of Physiology</emphasis>
</ulink>, 34, 13-44. (A <ulink url="http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ph.34.030172.000305?cookieSet=1">PDF</ulink> version of the article are available to journal subscribers on the <emphasis>Annual Review of Physiology</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=4334846&query_hl=1&itool=pubmed_docsum">PubMed ID: 4334846</ulink>
</para>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
<!-- ================================================================================================================ -->
<!-- ======================================== ENVIRONMENT COMPONENT ============================================= -->
<component name="environment">
<variable units="second" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="time" cmeta:id="environment_time"/>
</component>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE O2 DELIVERY TOP-LEVEL COMPONENT ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="muscle_O2_delivery" name="muscle_O2_delivery">
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="out" name="time"/>
<!-- Inputs from components in other models -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="out" name="BFM" initial_value="0.989949"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="out" name="OVA" initial_value="204.497"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="out" name="HM" initial_value="40.0381"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="out" name="AOM" initial_value="1.00002"/>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="environment" component_1="muscle_O2_delivery"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- ==================================================== MUSCLE O2 BLOOD SUPPLY ========================================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="M_O2_blood_supply" name="M_O2_blood_supply">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="OVA"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="BFM"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="O2ARTM"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM1">
<eq/>
<ci>O2ARTM</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>OVA</ci>
<ci>BFM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="muscle_O2_delivery" component_1="M_O2_blood_supply"/>
<map_variables variable_2="OVA" variable_1="OVA"/>
<map_variables variable_2="BFM" variable_1="BFM"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== MUSCLE VENOUS O2 CONTENT ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="M_venous_O2_content" name="M_venous_O2_content">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="O2ARTM"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="RMO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="BFM"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="HM"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="time"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="PVO"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="EXC"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="EXCXP2"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="none" name="OVS"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM2_to_OM4">
<eq/>
<ci>OVS</ci>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>O2ARTM</ci>
<ci>RMO</ci>
</apply>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>HM</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">5.25</cn>
<ci>BFM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OM5_and_OM5A">
<eq/>
<ci>PVO</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">57.14</cn>
<ci>OVS</ci>
<apply>
<power/>
<ci>EXC</ci>
<ci>EXCXP2</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="M_O2_blood_supply" component_1="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<map_variables variable_2="O2ARTM" variable_1="O2ARTM"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues" component_1="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<map_variables variable_2="RMO" variable_1="RMO"/>
<map_variables variable_2="PVO" variable_1="PVO"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="muscle_O2_delivery" component_1="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<map_variables variable_2="BFM" variable_1="BFM"/>
<map_variables variable_2="HM" variable_1="HM"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameter_values" component_1="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<map_variables variable_2="EXC" variable_1="EXC"/>
<map_variables variable_2="EXCXP2" variable_1="EXCXP2"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== AUTONOMIC EFFECT ON MUSCLE O2 CONSUMPTION ============================================= -->
<!-- THIS COMPONENT IS THE SAME AS THE AUTONOMICS EQUATIONS NUMBERS 47 AND 48!!!
<component name="autonomic_effect_on_M_O2_consumption"
cmeta:id="autonomic_effect_on_M_O2_consumption">
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#">
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#autonomic_effect_on_M_O2_consumption">
<rdf:value>
OM24 and OM25:
Calculation of autonomic stimulation of muscle usage of oxygen (AOM) based
on the current level of whole-body autonomic stimulation (AUO) times a
proportionality factor (O2A).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</component>
-->
<!-- ======================================== METABOLIC O2 CONSUMPTION BY MUSCLE TISSUE CELLS ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue" name="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="PMO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="AOM"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="MMO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="P2O" cmeta:id="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue_P2O"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="OMM"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="EXC"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM17_and_OM18">
<eq/>
<ci>P2O</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">38</cn>
<apply>
<gt/>
<ci>PMO</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">38</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>PMO</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
<apply id="OM19_to_OM23">
<eq/>
<ci>MMO</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>AOM</ci>
<ci>OMM</ci>
<ci>EXC</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1</cn>
<apply>
<divide/>
<apply>
<power/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">38.0001</cn>
<ci>P2O</ci>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">3</cn>
</apply>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">54872</cn>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells" component_1="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="PMO" variable_1="PMO"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="muscle_O2_delivery" component_1="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="AOM" variable_1="AOM"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameter_values" component_1="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="OMM" variable_1="OMM"/>
<map_variables variable_2="EXC" variable_1="EXC"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== DELIVERY OF O2 TO MUSCLE TISSUES ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues" name="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="PMO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="PVO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="BFM"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="RMO" cmeta:id="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues_RMO"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="PM5"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM6_and_OM8">
<eq/>
<ci>RMO</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>PVO</ci>
<ci>PMO</ci>
</apply>
<ci>PM5</ci>
<ci>BFM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells" component_1="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues"/>
<map_variables variable_2="PMO" variable_1="PMO"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="muscle_O2_delivery" component_1="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues"/>
<map_variables variable_2="BFM" variable_1="BFM"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameter_values" component_1="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues"/>
<map_variables variable_2="PM5" variable_1="PM5"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== VOLUME OF O2 IN MUSCLE TISSUE ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue" name="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="RMO"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="MMO"/>
<variable units="second" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="time"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="QOM"/>
<!-- Internal variables -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="none" name="DO2M"/>
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="none" private_interface="none" name="QOM1" initial_value="48.0839"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM9">
<eq/>
<ci>DO2M</ci>
<apply>
<minus/>
<ci>RMO</ci>
<ci>MMO</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
<apply id="OM10">
<eq/>
<apply>
<diff/>
<bvar>
<ci>time</ci>
</bvar>
<ci>QOM1</ci>
</apply>
<ci>DO2M</ci>
</apply>
<apply id="OM11">
<eq/>
<ci>QOM</ci>
<piecewise>
<piece>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0001</cn>
<apply>
<lt/>
<ci>QOM1</ci>
<cn cellml:units="dimensionless">0.0001</cn>
</apply>
</piece>
<otherwise>
<ci>QOM1</ci>
</otherwise>
</piecewise>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues" component_1="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="RMO" variable_1="RMO"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue" component_1="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="MMO" variable_1="MMO"/>
</connection>
<connection>
<map_components component_2="muscle_O2_delivery" component_1="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue"/>
<map_variables variable_2="time" variable_1="time"/>
</connection>
<!-- ======================================== PRESSURE OF O2 IN MUSCLE TISSUE CELLS ============================================= -->
<component cmeta:id="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells" name="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells">
<!-- Inputs from other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="QOM"/>
<!-- Outputs to other components -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="PMO" cmeta:id="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells_PMO"/>
<!-- Parameters from parameter_file -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="in" private_interface="none" name="PK2"/>
<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
<apply id="OM12">
<eq/>
<ci>PMO</ci>
<apply>
<times/>
<ci>PK2</ci>
<ci>QOM</ci>
</apply>
</apply>
</math>
</component>
<!-- INPUT CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue" component_1="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells"/>
<map_variables variable_2="QOM" variable_1="QOM"/>
</connection>
<!-- PARAMETER CONNECTIONS -->
<connection>
<map_components component_2="parameter_values" component_1="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells"/>
<map_variables variable_2="PK2" variable_1="PK2"/>
</connection>
<!-- ========================================================== PARAMETER VALUES ================================================================ -->
<component cmeta:id="parameter_values" name="parameter_values">
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="EXC" initial_value="1"/> <!-- level of exercise activity [P] -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="EXCXP2" initial_value="0.17"/> <!-- exponent factor of exercise on muscle metabolism [P] -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="OMM" initial_value="57.1"/> <!-- basic O2 utilization in muscle tissues (at rest) [P] -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="PM5" initial_value="30"/> <!-- constant, to change muscle capillarity [P] -->
<variable units="dimensionless" public_interface="out" private_interface="none" name="PK2" initial_value="0.79167"/> <!-- proportionality constant, muscle tissue PO2 [P] -->
</component>
<!-- ============================================================ GROUPING =============================================================== -->
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="containment"/>
<component_ref component="muscle_O2_delivery">
<component_ref component="M_O2_blood_supply"/>
<component_ref component="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<component_ref component="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue"/>
<component_ref component="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues"/>
<component_ref component="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue"/>
<component_ref component="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<group>
<relationship_ref relationship="encapsulation"/>
<component_ref component="muscle_O2_delivery">
<component_ref component="parameter_values"/>
<component_ref component="M_O2_blood_supply"/>
<component_ref component="M_venous_O2_content"/>
<component_ref component="metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue"/>
<component_ref component="delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues"/>
<component_ref component="volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue"/>
<component_ref component="pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells"/>
</component_ref>
</group>
<!-- SIMULATION METADATA -->
<rdf:RDF>
<rdf:Seq rdf:about="rdf:#ccf01529-b149-4723-87d6-0e947bb7b0c4">
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#695bb57b-a366-4065-9348-269ee2d846fe"/>
<rdf:li rdf:resource="rdf:#65c5670e-4d73-403b-9412-a697bcf98540"/>
</rdf:Seq>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#65c5670e-4d73-403b-9412-a697bcf98540">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#037bab37-c37d-41eb-b4da-44d4787656dc"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="">
<dc:publisher/>
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#f2ddd04b-eee5-4e5b-91e1-63e37878b505"/>
<bqs:reference rdf:resource="rdf:#75ef6d00-bf5d-4167-bcee-bb5af2eeccad"/>
<cmeta:comment rdf:resource="rdf:#4d8069b1-46ab-40dc-a760-18a6b689eb8a"/>
<dcterms:created rdf:resource="rdf:#f56eabe3-abe0-4935-a4e5-06712f8ad7d9"/>
<cmeta:modification rdf:resource="rdf:#cddbcae6-98eb-4b97-abb6-311cc7ff3bf4"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#695bb57b-a366-4065-9348-269ee2d846fe">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#Person"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#03d831fe-1f4b-4f7e-b67d-7b983c2000fe"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_venous_O2_content">
<rdf:value>
OM2:
The volume of oxygen in the venous blood flowing away from the muscles
each minute (O2VENM) is equal to the volume of blood flowing into the muscles
from the arteries (O2ARTM) minus the rate of uptake of oxygen by the muscles
per minute (RMO).
OM3 and OM4:
The venous oxygen saturation in the muscles (OVS) is equal to the volume of oxygen
transported to the muscle veins each minute (O2VENM) divided by the blood flow
through the muscles per minute (BFM), divided by the hematocrit of the blood (HM),
and divided by a constant that relates volume of oxygen in the blood to hematocrit.
Damping of the oxygen venous saturation (OVS) is provided by Block OM4 and is controlled
by the damping constant (Z6).
OM5 and OM5A:
The pressure of the oxygen in the venous blood of the muscles (PVO) is equal to the
saturation of the oxygen in the venous blood of the muscles (OVS) times a constant
and times a factor related exponentially (EXCXP2) to the level of exercise (EXC)
caused by changes in tissue fluid products that affect oxygen combination with
hemoglobin.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$5SdBX3">
<ns7:endingValue>100</ns7:endingValue>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#delivery_of_O2_to_M_tissues">
<rdf:value>
OM6:
The pressure gradient for delivery of oxygen from the muscle capillaries to the
muscle cells (PGRM) is equal to the pressure of the oxygen remaining in the
muscle venous blood (PVO) minus the pressure of the oxygen in the muscle cells (PMO).
OM8:
Rate of delivery of oxygen to the muscles (RMO) is equal to the blood flow to
the muscles (BFM) times the pressure gradient between the muscle capillary blood
and the muscle cells (PGRM) times a constant (PM5) that can be varied to represent
such factors as changes in muscle capillarity or so forth.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#3b0da03a-68d8-4f34-b3cc-dabfb77ca918">
<vCard:Given>Jonna</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Terkildsen</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="/M_O2_delivery_1-0.cellml#muscle_O2_delivery_CellML1_0_model">
<ns7:simulation rdf:resource="rdf:#$QQv43"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#a09c64d2-9fd5-4e28-a347-eef35d335348">
<vCard:Orgname>University of Auckland</vCard:Orgname>
<vCard:Orgunit>Auckland Bioengineering Institute</vCard:Orgunit>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$RQv43">
<rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
<rdf:first rdf:resource="rdf:#$SQv43"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="/M_O2_delivery_1-0.cellml#muscle_O2_delivery_CellML1_0_model#LfY7zdZ%60EYs">
<ns7:simulation rdf:resource="rdf:#$3SdBX3"/>
<ns7:simulation rdf:resource="rdf:#$b2Cb93"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$3SdBX3">
<ns7:boundIntervals rdf:resource="rdf:#$4SdBX3"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#pressure_of_O2_in_M_tissue_cells">
<rdf:value>
OM12:
Calculation of the pressure of oxygen in the muscle cells (PMO) from the
volume of oxygen in the muscles (QOM).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c3caba94-29bf-4b63-9494-ce0fbf7aba51">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#ccf01529-b149-4723-87d6-0e947bb7b0c4"/>
<dc:title/>
<bqs:volume/>
<bqs:first_page/>
<bqs:Journal rdf:resource="rdf:#c1c6d2ac-c94e-4c6a-b7a9-f434cfdaec6d"/>
<dcterms:issued rdf:resource="rdf:#505e5c2d-a222-497a-94af-e6c8cced7ced"/>
<bqs:last_page/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#b8dfb8dc-eb2a-4a11-b924-52190d490cd4">
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#3b0da03a-68d8-4f34-b3cc-dabfb77ca918"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#M_O2_blood_supply">
<rdf:value>
OM1:
The volume of oxygen in the arterial blood flowing to the muscles each minute (02ARTM)
is equal to the volume of oxygen in each liter of arterial blood (OVA) times the muscle
blood flow (BFM).
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4d8069b1-46ab-40dc-a760-18a6b689eb8a">
<dc:creator rdf:resource="rdf:#0f88a997-5c4a-422f-8cf4-c11fadeca37c"/>
<rdf:value/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#03d831fe-1f4b-4f7e-b67d-7b983c2000fe">
<vCard:Given/>
<vCard:Family>Guyton</vCard:Family>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#metabolic_O2_consumption_by_M_tissue">
<rdf:value>
OM17, OM18, OM19, OM20, OM21, OM22, and OM23:
Calculation of the rate of metabolic usage of oxygen by the muscle cells (MMO)
from several factors: the oxygen pressure in the muscle cells (PMO), the basal
level of oxygen utilization by the muscle cells (OMM), the effect of autonomic
stimulation on muscle usage of oxygen (AOM), and the effect of exercise on the
metabolic usage of oxygen by the muscles (EXC). Blocks OM17 and OM18 cause the
metabolic usage of oxygen to reach a maximum at any time that the average muscle
cellular oxygen level is above the value of 38 mmHg pressure. The constants in
the various blocks are curve-shaping constants to relate cellular oxygen
pressure (PMO) to the metabolic usage of oxygen.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#75ef6d00-bf5d-4167-bcee-bb5af2eeccad">
<bqs:Pubmed_id/>
<bqs:JournalArticle rdf:resource="rdf:#c3caba94-29bf-4b63-9494-ce0fbf7aba51"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$SQv43">
<ns7:endingValue>100</ns7:endingValue>
<ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>1000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$b2Cb93">
<ns7:boundIntervals rdf:resource="rdf:#$c2Cb93"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f2ddd04b-eee5-4e5b-91e1-63e37878b505">
<vCard:ORG rdf:resource="rdf:#a09c64d2-9fd5-4e28-a347-eef35d335348"/>
<vCard:EMAIL rdf:resource="rdf:#8660852e-ccfd-400b-9725-677cabb1a13f"/>
<vCard:N rdf:resource="rdf:#90a90991-d596-4088-a84e-a0978326d0f0"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$c2Cb93">
<rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
<rdf:first rdf:resource="rdf:#$d2Cb93"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#8660852e-ccfd-400b-9725-677cabb1a13f">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet"/>
<rdf:value>j.terkildsen@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#0f88a997-5c4a-422f-8cf4-c11fadeca37c">
<vCard:FN/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$QQv43">
<ns7:boundIntervals rdf:resource="rdf:#$RQv43"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#4d117d3f-787b-42ec-9aac-8905cb78806e">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-11-18T14:32:15+13:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#f56eabe3-abe0-4935-a4e5-06712f8ad7d9">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-11-18T00:00:00+00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#muscle_O2_delivery">
<rdf:value>
Encapsulation grouping component containing all the components in the Muscle Oxygen Delivery Model.
The inputs and outputs of the Muscle Oxygen Delivery Model must be passed by this component.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#muscle_O2_delivery_CellML1_0_model">
<rdf:value>
The tissues of the body are divided into non-muscle tissues and muscle tissues,
and the delivery of oxygen to each one of these is calculated separately. The
principal reason for this separation is that during muscle activity, the delivery
of oxygen to the muscles increases tremendously and correspondingly affects the
blood flow through the muscles. Several aspects of local cellular usage of oxygen
are also calculated.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#c1c6d2ac-c94e-4c6a-b7a9-f434cfdaec6d">
<dc:title/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$4SdBX3">
<rdf:rest rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#nil"/>
<rdf:first rdf:resource="rdf:#$5SdBX3"/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="#volume_of_O2_in_M_tissue">
<rdf:value>
OM9:
The rate of change of stored oxygen in the muscle (DO2M) is equal to the
rate of delivery of oxygen to the muscles by the blood (RMO) minus the rate
of metabolic usage of oxygen by the muscle cells (MMO).
OM10:
The instantaneous volume of oxygen dissolved in all of the muscles (QOM) is
calculated by integrating with respect to time the rate of change of oxygen
in the muscles (DO2M).
OM11:
This sets a lower limit for QOM in the muscle tissue.
</rdf:value>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#505e5c2d-a222-497a-94af-e6c8cced7ced">
<dcterms:W3CDTF>2008-11-00 00:00</dcterms:W3CDTF>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#90a90991-d596-4088-a84e-a0978326d0f0">
<vCard:Given>Jonna</vCard:Given>
<vCard:Family>Terkildsen</vCard:Family>
<vCard:Other/>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#037bab37-c37d-41eb-b4da-44d4787656dc">
<vCard:Given/>
<vCard:Family>Muscle Oxygen Delivery</vCard:Family>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#$d2Cb93">
<ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>1000</ns7:nonstandard-pointDensity>
</rdf:Description>
<rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:#cddbcae6-98eb-4b97-abb6-311cc7ff3bf4">
<dcterms:modified rdf:resource="rdf:#4d117d3f-787b-42ec-9aac-8905cb78806e"/>
<rdf:value>Added cmeta:id's to some variables</rdf:value>
<cmeta:modifier rdf:resource="rdf:#b8dfb8dc-eb2a-4a11-b924-52190d490cd4"/>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
</model>