- Author:
- pmr2.import <nobody@models.cellml.org>
- Date:
- 2009-06-17 15:31:51+12:00
- Desc:
- committing version01 of oomens_maenhout_vanoijen_drost_baaijens_2003
- Permanent Source URI:
- http://models.cellml.org/workspace/oomens_maenhout_vanoijen_drost_baaijens_2003/rawfile/01b0c3390e760bc9a0ca6dbcec4f1e13cafa614d/oomens_maenhout_vanoijen_drost_baaijens_2003.cellml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!-- FILE : oomens_model_2003.xml
CREATED : 8th September 2004
LAST MODIFIED : 8th September 2004
AUTHOR : Catherine Lloyd
The Bioengineering Institute
The University of Auckland
MODEL STATUS : This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the 16/01/2002 CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification.
DESCRIPTION : This file contains a CellML description of Oomens et al.'s 2003 finite element model of contracting skeletal muscle.
CHANGES:
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<documentation xmlns="http://cellml.org/tmp-documentation">
<article>
<articleinfo>
<title>Finite Element Modelling of Contracting Skeletal Muscle</title>
<author>
<firstname>Catherine</firstname>
<surname>Lloyd</surname>
<affiliation>
<shortaffil>Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland</shortaffil>
</affiliation>
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<section id="sec_status">
<title>Model Status</title>
<para>
This model can not currently be represented in valid CellML 1.0 or 1.1 and as such is not solvable by existing CellML tools.
</para>
</section>
<sect1 id="sec_structure">
<title>Model Structure</title>
<para>
To describe the mechanical behaviour of biological tissues and transport processes in biological tissues, conservation laws such as conservation of mass, momentum and energy play a central role. These laws, together with constitutive laws which describe the material properties of the tissue, and boundary and initial conditions make it possible to mathematically solve a wide range of functional, biological problems. Mathematically, these equations are presented as partial differential equations.
</para>
<para>
Many soft biological materials undergo large deformations, and the relationship between stress and the applied strain is nonlinear, anisotropic and inhomogeneous. Add the complex geometry of biological structures and it becomes impossible to find closed-form solutions for these equations. Instead the finite element method is used to find good approximate solutions to these equations. The finite element method transforms the partial differential equations into a finite set of algebraic equations.
</para>
<para>
In the Oomens <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2003 publication described here, the authors aim to explain the concepts of a finite element model of contracting skeletal muscle. The material behaviour of contracting skeletal muscle consists of a highly nonlinear passive part and an active part. The later is described with a two state Huxley model. The model incorporates a stimulation function <emphasis>chi</emphasis>, which is used to control the active stress in the muscle. This stimulation function is derived from another paper by Zahalak and Ma, 1990 (full reference below).
</para>
<para>
The model has been described here in CellML (the raw CellML description of the Oomens <emphasis>et al.</emphasis> 2003 model can be downloaded in various formats as described in <xref linkend="sec_download_this_model"/>).
</para>
<para>
The complete original paper reference is cited below:
</para>
<para>
<ulink url="http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/1fdh0vltb4fmgl8f/">Finite element modelling of contracting skeletal muscle</ulink>, C.W.J. Oomens, M. Maenhout, C.H. van Oijen, M.R. Drost, and F.P. Baaijens, 2003, <ulink url="http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/102022/?p=ac50ce721077427582a2675d7347955b&pi=0">
<emphasis>Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B </emphasis>
</ulink>, 358, 1453-1460. (A <ulink url="http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/1fdh0vltb4fmgl8f/fulltext.pdf">PDF</ulink> version of the article is available to subscribers on the <emphasis>Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B</emphasis> website.) <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14561336">PubMed ID: 14561336</ulink>
</para>
<para>
Muscle Activation and Contraction: Constitutive Relations Based Directly on Cross-Bridge Kinetics, George I. Zahalak and Shi-Ping Ma, 1990, <ulink url="http://scitation.aip.org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/dbt/dbt.jsp?KEY=JBENDY&jsessionid=2121291094595935200">
<emphasis>Journal of Biomedical Engineering</emphasis>
</ulink>, 122, 52-62. <ulink url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=2308304&dopt=Abstract">PubMed ID: 2308304</ulink> Please note that this article is not available in an electronic format.
</para>
</sect1>
</article>
</documentation>
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<dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-09-29</dcterms:W3CDTF>
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The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Institute
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Finite element modelling of contracting skeletal muscle
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Oomens et al.'s 2003 finite element model of contracting skeletal muscle.
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